| 1 | Leaf blade to 35(-40) cm long with serrate-spinose margin; petiole to 3.5 cm long |
| 1' | Leaf blade to 75(-80) cm long with entire, serrulate or sometimes sparsely serrate margin; petiole to 8 cm long |
| 2 | Leaf blade subherbaceous, surface between veinlets smooth or very sparsely striate (extraxylary sclerenchyma lacking or very sparse |
| 2' | Leaf blade coriaceous to subcoriaceous, surface between veinlets striate, at least beneath |
| 3 | Young shoots glabrous or subglabrous; petiole poorly demarcated (leaf blade narrowly attenuate at base) |
| 3' | Young shoots puberulous; petiole well demarcated (leaf blade attenuate to short-attenuate at base) |
