| 1 | Petals of the ♂ flowers almost free or united below up to the middle, cup-like expanded. Anthers as long as or longer than filaments. Drupe, as far as known, without a distinct abortive loculus, reddish to orange at maturity; exocarp thick, almost exclusively spongious. |
| 1' | Petals of the ♂ flowers united below to about ¾, forming a tube, not papillose inside. Filaments distinctly longer than the anther cells. Drupe dark green to olivaceous or turning blackish at maturity, with a distinct abortive loculus (round in 0); exocarp rather thin, spongious or predominantly fibrous. |
| 2 | Petals of the ♂ flowers almost free, smooth inside, c. 2 mm. |
| 2' | Petals of the ♂ flowers united below to ⅓-½ their length, with papillose emergences all over the inside, (4-)5-6 mm. |
| 3 | Leaves suddenly narrowed at apex for c. 2 cm by 3-4 mm (at base), tip subacute, nerves, and generally also veins, much impressed above, sharply raised beneath. Mature drupe acuminate, tip acute, longitudinal ribs numerous and ± sharply outstanding. |
| 3' | Leaves less distinctly or shortly acuminate-attenuate at apex, tip ± bluntish, nerves whether or not impressed above, veins but slightly or not so. Mature drupe short-apiculate or obtuse at apex, longitudinal ribs few to rather numerous and ± obtuse, whether or not prominent. |
| 4 | ♂ spikes solitary in general. Mature drupe obtusely trigonous in ø. |
| 4' | ♂ Spikes generally several in a fascicle, or flowers glomerately arranged. Mature drupe ± round in 0. |
| 5 | Spikes (both ♂ and ♀)generally elongate, up to 30 cm. Leaves (6-)8-18(-20) by 3.5-6.5(-9.5) cm, greyish green in dry specimens. Petals 5-6 mm. |
| 5' | Spikes (both ♂ and ♀) relatively short, rarely up to 6 cm. Leaves 6-12 by 3-4(-5) cm, usually yellowish green especially beneath in dry specimens. Petals c. 4 mm. |
| 6 | Drupe ovoid, or rarely ellipsoid-subovoid, green at maturity, with several obtuse prominent longitudinal ribs. |
| 6' | Drupe oblongoid to ellipsoid, or rarely subovoid-ellipsoid or -oblongoid, dark olivaceous to ± blackish at maturity, longitudinal ribs few to numerous, all but little or hardly prominent. |
| 7 | Ovary in the ♀, or rudiment of ovary in the♀ flower glabrous. Leaves 15-20(-25) by (5-)6-10(-14) cm, lateral nerves generally slightly impressed above, reticulation rather weakly or not prominent above. Drupe (1.5-)2-2.5 (rarely -3) by 1-1.5 cm; exocarp 1-2 mm; endocarp thin. |
| 7' | Ovary in the ♀, or rudiment of ovary in the ♂ flower densely to more sparsely hairy. Lateral nerves of leaves not impressed above. Drupe larger in general. |
| 8 | Leaves markedly finely and densely prominent-reticulate on both faces, or certainly above. Exocarp plus endocarp of well developed drupes 1-2 mm. |
| 8' | Leaves rather obscurely or not prominent-reticulate above, never so beneath. Exocarp plus endocarp of well developed drupes (2-)3-4 mm. |
