Trophis

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Trophis

Description

Trees or shrubs (scandent in T. scandens), dioecious, unarmed, uncinate hairs lacking or present. Leaves distichous; stipules free, lateral. Inflorescences unisexual, racemose, spicate, subcapitate, or discoid-capitate and involucrate, bracteate. flowers with 4 connate tepals, equal in size and forming a tubular or a collar-shaped perianth; stamens 3 or 4, inflexed in bud. ovary free or adnate to the perianth; seed without endosperm, embryo with thick, flat, equal or (very) unequal cotyledons, radicle short or rather long.

Distribution

Africa present, New World present, Old World present
The genus comprises nine species in the Old World (not on the African continent) and New World.

Morphology

This genus shows pronounced morphological similarities to Streblus but differs in the connate tepals of the pistillate flower.
A. Berg, C.C. 1988: The genera Trophis and Streblus (Moraceae) remodelled. – Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. 91, B. Berg, C.C. 2001: Fl. – Neotrop. Monogr. 83, C. Corner, E.J.H. 1962: The classification of Moraceae. – Gard. Bull. Singapore 19

Taxonomy

The genus can be subdivided into six sections (Berg 1988): Calpidochlamys (one species in Malesia), Echinocarpa (one species, T. involucrata W.C. Burger, in Central America), Maillardia (two species in Madagascar and Réunion), Malaisia (one species in SE Asia), Olmedia (one species, T. caucana (Pittier) C.C. Berg, in the Neotropics, and Trophis (3 species in the Neotropics, see Berg 2001). This subdivision replaces that of Corner (1962).

Citation

Bureau 1873 – In: A.DC., Prodr. 17: 220
W.C. Burger 1962 – In: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.: 6
Trécul 1847 – In: Ann. Sci. Nat.: 146
Corner 1962 – In: Gard. Bull. Singapore 19: 240
C.C. Berg 1988 – In: Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch.: 352
Benth. & Hook.f. 1880 – In: Gen. Pl.: 360
1879: 3: 196
C.C. Berg 1972 – In: Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.: 14
Corner 1962 – In: Gard. Bull. Singapore 19: 230
Engl. 1888 – In: Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3: 76
1845: 543
Blume 1856 – In: Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi: 75
P. Browne 1908 – In: Bot. Jahrb. Syst.: 543
Boerl. 1900 – In: Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 315
Leandri 1952 – In: Fl. Madagasc. fam.: 15
Planch. 1855 – In: Ann. Sci. Nat.: 293
Baill. 1875 – In: Hist. Pl.: 193
Bureau 1873 – In: A.DC., Prodr. 17: 251
Miq. 1859 – In: Fl. Ned. Ind.: 281
Benth. & Hook.f. 1880 – In: Gen. Pl.: 365
Bureau 1873 – In: A.DC., Prodr. 17: 221
P. Browne 2001 – In: Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.: 33
Engl. 1888 – In: Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3: 73
Baill. 1875 – In: Hist. Pl.: 192