Paullinia pinnata

Primary tabs

Paullinia pinnata

Content

<<<Calyx>Appendages>Crests>Colour

yellow1
1. 006-007-001-002

<<<Calyx>Appendages>Crests>Texture

fleshy2
2. 006-007-001-001

<<<Calyx>Nectaries>Lobes>Lobe number

43
3. 006-008-001-001

<<<Calyx>Nectaries>Lobes>Shape

rounded to ovoid4
4. 006-008-001-002

<<<Leaves>Abaxial surfaces>Veins>Hairs

with a tuft of hairs in the axils of the secondary veins5
5. 004-006-003-001

<<<Leaves>Leaflets>Apex>Shape

acute6
6. 004-004-004-001

<<<Leaves>Leaflets>Base>Lateral leaflets

obtuse or rounded, sometimes asymmetrical on lateral ones7
7. 004-004-005-002

<<<Leaves>Leaflets>Base>Shape

attenuate or acute on distal leaflet8
8. 004-004-005-001

<<<Leaves>Leaflets>Margins>Margin type

deeply serrate-dentate9
9. 004-004-006-001

<<<Seeds>Sarcotesta>Apex>Colour

black10
10. 008-004-002-001

<<Calyx>Appendages>Crests

with , crest11
11. 006-007-001

<<Calyx>Inner sepals>Length

4-5 mm long12
12. 006-005-001

<<Calyx>Nectaries>Lobes

lobes13
13. 006-008-001

<<Calyx>Outer sepals>Length

ca. 2 mm long14
14. 006-004-001

<<Calyx>Petals>Colour

white15
15. 006-006-001

<<Calyx>Petals>Length

4-5 mm long16
16. 006-006-003

<<Calyx>Petals>Shape

obovate17
17. 006-006-002

<<Calyx>Sepals>Sepal number

518
18. 006-003-001

<<Capsules>Endocarp>Hairs

glabrous19
19. 007-008-001

<<Capsules>Mesocarps>Thickness

ca. 0.5 mm thick20
20. 007-007-001

<<Leaves>Abaxial surfaces>Colour

green, dull21
21. 004-006-002

<<Leaves>Abaxial surfaces>Hairs

abaxially glabrous or puberulent along the midvein22
22. 004-006-001

<<Leaves>Abaxial surfaces>Veins

the venation prominent, , tertiary venation reticulate.23
23. 004-006-003

<<Leaves>Adaxial surfaces>Colour

green, shiny24
24. 004-005-002

<<Leaves>Adaxial surfaces>Hairs

adaxially glabrous or puberulent along the midvein25
25. 004-005-001

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Apex

the apex ,26
26. 004-004-004

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Base

the base , ,27
27. 004-004-005

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Dimensions

5-16 × 2.2-6 cm (the distal leaflet larger)28
28. 004-004-003

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Margins

the margins ;29
29. 004-004-006

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Shape

elliptical, ovate or lanceolate30
30. 004-004-002

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Texture

coriaceous31
31. 004-004-001

<<Leaves>Petiolule>Length

3-4 mm long32
32. 004-003-001

<<Seeds>Sarcotesta>Apex

except at the apex33
33. 008-004-002

<<Seeds>Sarcotesta>Colour

white34
34. 008-004-001

<<Stems>Cross section>Peripheral vascular cylinder number

2 or 335
35. 002-005-001

<<Thyrses>Axes>Hairs

tomentose36
36. 005-003-001

<<Thyrses>Cincinni>Flower number

few-flowered37
37. 005-004-001

<Calyx>Appendages

appendages slightly shorter than the petals, ;38
38. 006-007

<Calyx>Colour

light green39
39. 006-001

<Calyx>Hairs

puberulent40
40. 006-002

<Calyx>Inner sepals

inner sepals ;41
41. 006-005

<Calyx>Nectaries

nectary of .42
42. 006-008

<Calyx>Outer sepals

outer sepals ,43
43. 006-004

<Calyx>Petals

petals , , ;44
44. 006-006

<Calyx>Sepals

of sepals45
45. 006-003

<Capsules>Colour

red46
46. 007-002

<Capsules>Endocarp

endocarp .47
47. 007-008

<Capsules>Hairs

glabrous48
48. 007-004

<Capsules>Length

1.5-3 cm long49
49. 007-005

<Capsules>Mesocarps

mesocarp ;50
50. 007-007

<Capsules>Seed number

1-3-seeded51
51. 007-006

<Capsules>Shape

pyriform to club-shaped52
52. 007-001

<Capsules>Texture

coriaceous53
53. 007-003

<Leaves>Abaxial surfaces

, ,54
54. 004-006

<Leaves>Adaxial surfaces

, , with slightly prominent venation;55
55. 004-005

<Leaves>Foliole number

5-foliolate56
56. 004-001

<Leaves>Leaflets

leaflets , , ,57
57. 004-004

<Leaves>Petiole and rachis

petiole and rachis winged;58
58. 004-002

<Leaves>Petiolule

petiolules ;59
59. 004-003

<Seeds>Length

12-15 mm long60
60. 008-002

<Seeds>Sarcotesta

with sarcotesta61
61. 008-004

<Seeds>Seed number per fruit

usually one per fruit62
62. 008-001

<Seeds>Shape

ellipsoid63
63. 008-003

<Stems>Angle number

3-5-angled64
64. 002-001

<Stems>Cross section

cross section with a central vascular cylinder and peripheral smaller vascular cylinders.65
65. 002-005

<Stems>Diameter

to 6 cm in diameter66
66. 002-003

<Stems>Hairs

glabrous or pubescent, glabrous when mature67
67. 002-002

<Stems>Latex

producing scarce milky latex68
68. 002-004

<Stipules>Length

ca. 5 mm long69
69. 003-002

<Stipules>Shape

subulate70
70. 003-001

<Thyrses>Axes

axis ;71
71. 005-003

<Thyrses>Cincinni

cincinni sessile, .72
72. 005-004

<Thyrses>Position

axillary73
73. 005-001

<Thyrses>Shape

racemiform74
74. 005-002

<Wood>Length

5-15 m long75
75. 001-001

Calyx

Calyx , , ,76
76. 006

Capsules

Capsule , unwinged, long-stipitate, , , , , ;77
77. 007

Common Name

English (Guyana): bread & cheese, yaremana English (Suriname): feififinga

Description

Woody vine 5-15 m long, usually many-branched from base. Stems obtusely 3-5-angled, glabrous or pubescent, glabrous when mature, to 6 cm in diameter, producing scarce milky latex; cross section with a central vascular cylinder and 2 or 3 peripheral smaller vascular cylinders. Stipules subulate, ca. 5 mm long. Leaves pinnately 5-foliolate; petiole and rachis winged; petiolules 3-4 mm long; leaflets coriaceous, elliptical, ovate or lanceolate, 5-16 × 2.2-6 cm (the distal leaflet larger), the apex acute, the base attenuate or acute on distal leaflet, obtuse or rounded, sometimes asymmetrical on lateral ones, the margins deeply serrate-dentate; adaxially glabrous or puberulent along the midvein, green, shiny, with slightly prominent venation; abaxially glabrous or puberulent along the midvein, green, dull, the venation prominent, with a tuft of hairs in the axils of the secondary veins, tertiary venation reticulate. Thyrses axillary, racemiform, solitary; axis tomentose; cincinni sessile, few-flowered. Calyx light green, puberulent, of 5 sepals, outer sepals ca. 2 mm long, inner sepals 4-5 mm long; petals white, obovate, 4-5 mm long; appendages slightly shorter than the petals, with fleshy, yellow crest; nectary of 4rounded to ovoid lobes. Capsule pyriform to club-shaped, unwinged, long-stipitate, red, coriaceous, glabrous, 1.5-3 cm long, 1-3-seeded; mesocarp ca. 0.5 mm thick; endocarp glabrous. Seed usually one per fruit, 12-15 mm long, ellipsoid, with white sarcotesta except at the black apex.

Distribution

Argentina present, Madagascar present, Neotropics present, Northern America, Southern America, tropical Africa present
Naturally occurring throughout the Neotropics from Mexico to Argentina including the West Indies, apparently native in tropical Africa and Madagascar where it is common (GU: 6; SU: 5; FG: 4).

Individuals Association

Ile de Cayenne, Cayenne, Broadway 143 Guyana, Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region, Cuyuni R., vic. Aurora, Gillespie & Tiwari 2197 Montagnes de Kaw, Kaw R., de Granville & Crozier 14739 Suriname, Saramacca Region, Coastal area W of Paramaribo, Hoffman & van Troon 5200 Suriname, Nickerie, Teunissen 14466 Guyana, Barima-Waini Region, Barima R., Pipoly & Lall 8254 Bassin du Maroni, Maroni R., Melinon 137

Leaves

Leaves pinnately ;78
78. 004

Seeds

Seed , , , .79
79. 008

Stems

Stems obtusely , , , ;80
80. 002

Stipules

Stipules , .81
81. 003

Thyrses

Thyrses , , solitary;82
82. 005

Wood

Woody vine , usually many-branched from base.83
83. 001