Paullinia alata

Primary tabs

Paullinia alata

Content

<<<Leaves>Leaflets>Apex>Shape

obtusely acuminate1
1. 004-004-006-001

<<<Leaves>Leaflets>Base>Shape

attenuate to obtuse2
2. 004-004-005-001

<<<Leaves>Leaflets>Margins>Margin type

repando-dentate to nearly entire3
3. 004-004-007-001

<<<Stems>Cross section>Mature stems>Shape

trigonous, deeply obtusely costate, spirally twisted4
4. 002-004-002-001

<<<Thyrses>Flowers>Arrangement>Flower number

4-65
5. 005-004-001-002

<<<Thyrses>Flowers>Arrangement>Shape

elongated6
6. 005-004-001-001

<<Calyx>Appendages>Texture

fleshy7
7. 006-006-001

<<Calyx>Filaments>Hairs

pubescent at base8
8. 006-007-001

<<Calyx>Inner sepals>Length

ca. 3 mm long9
9. 006-004-001

<<Calyx>Inner sepals>Shape

oblong10
10. 006-004-002

<<Calyx>Outer sepals>Length

1.7-2 mm long11
11. 006-003-002

<<Calyx>Outer sepals>Shape

ovate12
12. 006-003-001

<<Calyx>Petals>Length

ca. 4.5 mm long13
13. 006-005-002

<<Calyx>Petals>Shape

oblanceolate, rounded at apex14
14. 006-005-001

<<Calyx>Sepals>Sepal number

515
15. 006-002-001

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Apex

the apex ,16
16. 004-004-006

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Base

the base ,17
17. 004-004-005

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Dimensions

10-15 × 5-6 cm18
18. 004-004-004

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Hairs

glabrous except for the barbate vein axils19
19. 004-004-002

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Margins

the margins ;20
20. 004-004-007

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Shape

elliptic to oblong-elliptic21
21. 004-004-003

<<Leaves>Leaflets>Texture

subcoriaceous22
22. 004-004-001

<<Leaves>Petiolule>Length

3-5 mm long23
23. 004-003-001

<<Seeds>Sarcotesta>Colour

white24
24. 008-004-002

<<Seeds>Sarcotesta>Texture

thick, fleshy25
25. 008-004-001

<<Stems>Cross section>Mature stems

older stems , bearing no leaves.26
26. 002-004-002

<<Stems>Cross section>Peripheral vascular cylinder number

327
27. 002-004-001

<<Thyrses>Flowers>Arrangement

congested dichasia or cincinni with flowers28
28. 005-004-001

<<Thyrses>Pedicels>Hairs

hirtellous29
29. 005-005-002

<<Thyrses>Pedicels>Length

3.5-9 mm long30
30. 005-005-001

<Calyx>Appendages

appendages almost as long as the petals, with crest at apex;31
31. 006-006

<Calyx>Filaments

filaments of unequal lengths, .32
32. 006-007

<Calyx>Hairs

hirtellous33
33. 006-001

<Calyx>Inner sepals

inner sepals , ;34
34. 006-004

<Calyx>Outer sepals

outer sepals , ,35
35. 006-003

<Calyx>Petals

petals , ;36
36. 006-005

<Calyx>Sepals

with sepals37
37. 006-002

<Capsules>Colour

bright red38
38. 007-002

<Capsules>Hairs

glabrous39
39. 007-005

<Capsules>Length

1-1.2 cm long40
40. 007-003

<Capsules>Seed number

2-3-seeded41
41. 007-006

<Capsules>Shape

pyriform or pyriform-trigonous42
42. 007-001

<Capsules>Texture

coriaceous43
43. 007-004

<Leaves>Foliole number

5-foliolate44
44. 004-001

<Leaves>Leaflets

leaflets , , , ,45
45. 004-004

<Leaves>Petiole and rachis

petiole and rachis broadly winged;46
46. 004-002

<Leaves>Petiolule

petiolules ;47
47. 004-003

<Leaves>Tertiary veins

tertiary veins reticulate.48
48. 004-005

<Seeds>Colour

black, shiny49
49. 008-003

<Seeds>Length

ca. 1 cm long50
50. 008-001

<Seeds>Sarcotesta

covered on lower ⅔ by a , sarcotesta51
51. 008-004

<Seeds>Shape

prismatic-ellipsoid52
52. 008-002

<Stems>Cross section

cross section with a large, central vascular cylinder and peripheral smaller ones,53
53. 002-004

<Stems>Hairs

glabrous54
54. 002-002

<Stems>Sap

sometimes producing milky sap55
55. 002-003

<Stems>Shape

trigonous56
56. 002-001

<Stipules>Length

ca. 3 mm long57
57. 003-002

<Stipules>Shape

subulate58
58. 003-001

<Thyrses>Flowers

flower in ;59
59. 005-004

<Thyrses>Length

2-2.5 cm long60
60. 005-003

<Thyrses>Pedicels

pedicels , , articulated on upper third.61
61. 005-005

<Thyrses>Position

cauliflorous62
62. 005-001

<Thyrses>Shape

racemiform63
63. 005-002

<Wood>Length

2-20 m long64
64. 001-001

Calyx

Calyx , ,65
65. 006

Capsules

Capsule , unwinged, , , short-stipitate, , , .66
66. 007

Common Name

English (French Guiana): pakale, peku lea sili, taaukasi, taitetulea

Description

Woody vine 2-20 m long, usually many-branched from base. Stems trigonous, glabrous, sometimes producing milky sap; cross section with a large, central vascular cylinder and 3 peripheral smaller ones, older stems trigonous, deeply obtusely costate, spirally twisted, bearing no leaves. Stipules subulate, ca. 3 mm long. Leaves pinnately 5-foliolate; petiole and rachis broadly winged; petiolules 3-5 mm long; leaflets subcoriaceous, glabrous except for the barbate vein axils, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 10-15 × 5-6 cm, the base attenuate to obtuse, the apex obtusely acuminate, the margins repando-dentate to nearly entire; tertiary veins reticulate. Thyrses cauliflorous, racemiform, 2-2.5 cm long, tightly grouped in short fascicles; flower in congested dichasia or elongated cincinni with 4-6 flowers; pedicels 3.5-9 mm long, hirtellous, articulated on upper third. Calyx hirtellous, with 5 sepals, outer sepals ovate, 1.7-2 mm long, inner sepals ca. 3 mm long, oblong; petals oblanceolate, rounded at apex, ca. 4.5 mm long; appendages almost as long as the petals, with fleshy crest at apex; filaments of unequal lengths, pubescent at base. Capsule pyriform or pyriform-trigonous, unwinged, bright red, 1-1.2 cm long, short-stipitate, coriaceous, glabrous, 2-3-seeded. Seeds ca. 1 cm long, prismatic-ellipsoid, black, shiny, covered on lower ⅔ by a thick, fleshy, white sarcotesta.

Distribution

French Guiana present, Southern America: Bolivia (Bolivia present); Colombia (Colombia present); Ecuador (Ecuador present); Peru (Peru present); Venezuela (Venezuela present), Suriname present, lowlands of Panama present
Widely distributed in the lowlands of Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Suriname, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil (SU: 3; FG: 6).

Individuals Association

Suriname, Sipalawini Region, Kwamalasamutu village, Plotkin & van Troon 1026 Route de Belizon, Acevedo-Rdgz. et al. 4987 Region de Saül, Saül, Beekman 54 Suriname, Tumuc Humac Mts., Talouakem, upper Litani R., Acevedo-Rdgz. et al. 5840 Bassin de l’Approuague, Arataye R., Saut Parare, Sastre 5665 Bassin de la Yaloupi, Mount Maunoir, Oldeman T-544 Bassin de l’Oyapock, Village Wayampi de Trois-Sauts, Prévost & Grenand 887

Leaves

Leaves pinnately ;67
67. 004

Seeds

Seeds , , , .68
68. 008

Stems

Stems , , ;69
69. 002

Stipules

Stipules , .70
70. 003

Thyrses

Thyrses , , , tightly grouped in short fascicles;71
71. 005

Wood

Woody vine , usually many-branched from base.72
72. 001