1 | Stamens arranged in 4 whorls (shown distinctly in flower buds) or appearing scattered (in open flowers) |
1' | Stamens arranged in 1 to 3 whorls. |
2 | Stamens arranged in 3 whorls |
2' | Stamens arranged in 1 or 2 whorls. |
3 | Stamens arranged in 2 whorls. |
3' | Stamens arranged in 1 whorl. |
4 | Perianth base prominently cordate, in side view with 2 distinct auricles. Perianth of the (mature) flower, folded in side view, rounded in outline, c. 7 cm ø; sinus 1-1.5 cm deep. (Leaves unknown) |
4' | Perianth base obtuse or rounded (in side view). |
5 | Leaf base distinctly cordate, the sinus rather narrow and the auricles or basal lobes often overlapping. |
5' | Leaf base obtuse, rounded, or cuneate. |
6 | Flowers large; perianth up to c. 12 cm long when mature, |
6' | Flowers smaller; perianth less than 3 cm long when mature. |
7 | Perianth c. 23 mm long, deeply 3-lobed; lobes triangular, inner surface densely covered with papillae and glandular hairs. Stamens with papillate filaments. Style lobes 18-20. |
7' | Perianth 8-10 mm long, shallowly or obscurely lobed; lobes nearly semi-orbicular or triangular, inner surface densely covered with (mainly hooked) hairs. Stamens with glabrous filaments. Style c. 12 lobes |
8 | Leaves with hairs densely covering the whole lower surface, so the latter usually hidden; hairs bent at right angles near the base and parallel to the surface. |
8' | Leaves with hairs rather loosely or sparsely covering the lower surface, so the latter always visible; hairs irregularly spreading, curved or twisted. |
9 | Hairs on the lower leaf surface appearing very thin in dry state and sticking together (resembling a layer of gelatine). Perianth lobes with the margin not reflexed at anthesis. Seeds flattened, boat- shaped, rather smooth |
9' | Hairs on the lower leaf surface appearing thicker and free from one another. Perianth lobes with the margin reflexed at anthesis. Seeds ± ellipsoid, triangular, strongly rugose. |
10 | Flowers large; perianth up to c. 12 cm long when open |
10' | Flowers much smaller; perianth at most 4.5 cm long. |
11 | Stamens 3 in the upper whorl, 9 in the lower. Style 2- or 3-lobed |
11' | Stamens 6-15 (-18) in the upper whorl, 9-15 (-24) in the lower. Style (4-) 5-19-lobed. |
12 | Perianth shallowly or obscurely lobed, sometimes ± entire. |
12' | Perianth distinctly lobed, often divided to c. half or more of its length. |
13 | Leaf venation loosely reticulated, veins or veinlets often parallel to one another. Inflorescences at the upper part of stem, in the axils of foliage leaves. Fruits twisted, 15-25 cm long, densely hairy |
13' | Leaf venation closely reticulated. Inflorescences near the base of stem, in the axils of bract-like, reduced leaves. Fruits straight, less than 10 cm long, sparsely hairy or almost glabrous |
14 | Perianth tube cylindric (c. 1.5 cm long) |
14' | Perianth tube campanulate, short cupular, obscure, or 0. |
15 | Leaves with distinctly pinnate, often rather evenly spaced nerves; venation closely reticulate (almost tesselate), prominent beneath |
15' | Leaves with 1 or 2 pairs of basal nerves and some lateral ones from the midrib, not evenly spaced; venation loosely reticulate, slightly elevated beneath. |
16 | Leaves with the inner pair of basal nerves emerging from the base. Inflorescences at the upper part of stem, in the axils of foliage leaves. |
16' | Leaves with the inner pair of basal nerves emerging near the base or a few mm from it. Inflorescences at the basal part of stem or near the ground, in the axils of bracts or reduced leaves (almost cauligerous). |
17 | Perianth campanulate, 15-25 mm long, contracted at the lower ⅓ and then erecto-patent, glabrous outside; lobes triangular, flat |
17' | Perianth short-cupular, 10-13 mm long, sparsely puberulous outside; lobes reniform, the margin reflexed at anthesis |
18 | Perianth c. 15 mm long, lobed to c. ⅔ of the length |
18' | Perianth 25-45 mm long, lobed up to c. half of the length. |
19 | Perianth lobes semi-orbicular, 10 by 15 mm, at apex subrounded or slightly apiculate |
19' | Perianth lobes triangular, 20-25 by c. 20 mm, at apex acuminate. |
20 | Leaves with the inner pair of basal nerves extending to the apex, joined by predominantly rather close, transverse, parallel veins. Inflorescences corymbose or paniculate |
20' | Leaves with the inner basal pair of nerves extending usually to c. half, rarely more, of the length, joined by rather loose, transverse and reticulate veins. Inflorescences usually spicate or racemose. |
21 | Plant bearing 1-5 (often 2 or 3) foliage leaves. Leaves densely tomentose or villous beneath especially when young. Inflorescences near the base of stem. Style lobes densely covered with (hooked) hairs at the apical part |
21' | Plant bearing many foliage leaves. Leaves pubescent or puberulous beneath. Inflorescences at the upper part of stem. Style lobes glabrous. |
22 | Perianth lobes broadly rounded, c. 12 by 4 mm, emarginate. Stamens 9-12; connective not protrudeing beyond the anthers |
22' | Perianth lobes ovate to lanceolate, 8-15 by 5-8 mm, apex acute, acuminate, or obtuse. Stamens 6; connective protruding c. 0.5 mm beyond the anthers |