1 | Style terminal on top of the undivided or divided fruit |
1' | Style basal between the 4 or rarely fewer separate nutlets. Herbs |
2 | Fruits 2, laterally compressed capsules with a wide wing, bilocular, with one larger erect and one smaller pendent ovule |
2' | Fruit drupaceous or separating into 4 unilocular nutlets or two 2-locular mericarps, or undivided, hard |
3 | Style once or twice forked, with or without a distinct stigma, sometimes undivided with 2 stigmata. Fruit drupaceous with 1 to 4 pyrenes and 4 seeds |
3' | Style simple or forked, surrounded by an annular stigma. Fruit drupaceous or separating into 4 nutlets or 2 mericarps |
4 | Style twice forked. Fruit with a single 4-locular pyrene. Trees, shrubs or woody climbers |
4' | Style simply forked or styles 2. Fruit with two 2-seeded or four 1-seeded pyrenes or remaining entire |
5 | Creeping herb |
5' | Trees, shrubs or climbers |
6 | Fruit breaking up into two 2-seeded pyrenes. Style forked |
6' | Fruit breaking up into four 1-seeded pyrenes or endocarp remaining entire |
7 | Style undivided, with 4 capitate stigmata. Fruit breaking up into four 1-seeded py- renes. Flowers in a loose, scorpioid inflorescence |
7' | Style forked to below middle, stigmata indistinct. Endocarp of fruit remaining en- tire with 4 seeds. Flowers single or a few in fascicles |
8 | Fruit drupaceous. Pericarp corky or fleshy. Trees, shrubs or climbers (in Malesia) |
8' | Fruit separating into 4 nutlets or two 2-seeded mericarps, rarely undivided with mostly 1 locule by abortion |
9 | Anthers with long, twisted awns. Fruit separating into nutlets only at a late stage |
9' | Anthers without awns. Fruits with 4 separate locules already at an early stage |
10 | Nutlets perfectly smooth |
10' | Nutlets warty, with spines, tubercles or glochids |
11 | Nutlets with a ventral keel or angle and a shortly stipitate basal, horizontal areola |
11' | Nutlets without a ventral keel or angle. Areola minute, oblique, not stipitate |
12 | Filaments with an erect appendix; anthers forming a column, usually subacute. Nutlets with a basal areola surrounded by a thick, tumidulous margin; gynobasis flat |
12' | Filaments without an appendix; anthers not forming a column, obtuse. Nutlets with a sub ventral areola, gynobasis short conical to pyramidate |
13 | Nutlets without glochids |
13' | Nutlets flat to convex dorsally, not cup-shaped, with glochids at least marginally and on ventral side |
14 | Nutlets concave dorsally, much larger than 1 mm |
14' | Nutlets ellipsoidal, scarcely larger than 1 mm |
15 | Narrowly pyramidate stylar column present between the nutlets |
15' | Stylar column absent between the nutlets that are inserted on a flat disc |