Harpullia cupanioides
Content
Description
(Shrub to) tree;
Leaves (l-)3-6(-7)-jugate;
Inflorescences axillary (to pseudoterminal to truly terminal), erect or pendulous, infructescences more often ± pendulous, solitary, 5-85 cm long, simple (or with a strong branch near the base), usually sparsely and ± widely branched, often ± few-flowered, the upper parts usually tardily hairy, for the rest glabrescent;
Flowers fragrant.
Sepals elliptic to suborbicular, 3-6 by 2.5-4.5 mm, persistent in fruit.
Petals oblong-obovate to oblanceolate, 5-10 by 2-3 mm, white to creamy (yellow, greenish, pink), glabrous.
Stamens 5 (or 6);
Fruits slightly kidney-shaped, transversely ellipsoid, broadly ovoid, obovoid, or globular, 12-20 by 12-32.5 mm;
Seeds shining brown to black with a bright glossy red arillode.
Distribution
Andaman Islands present, Asia-Temperate, Asia-Tropical: Assam (Assam present); Bangladesh (Bangladesh present); Thailand (Thailand present), Burma present, Entrance L, Port Essington present, Northern Territory of Australia present
Southern China, Assam, the Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Indo-China, throughout Malesia, and the Northern Territory of Australia (Entrance L, Port Essington).
Notes
1. Harpullia cupanioides is best distinguished from its allies by the combination of glabrous vegetative parts (except for the terminal buds) and exclusively axillary inflorescences. Noth-withstanding its rather wide distribution it is not very variable. However, there is a gradual shift from a mainly western 'cupanioides' type towards an eastern 'thanatophora ' type, the latter being characterized by fewer, larger, and broader leaflets with more distant nerves, by less hairy inflorescences, by smaller flowers, and by bigger fruits that are earlier glabrescent.
2. The type of H. fruticosa from West New Guinea is the only specimen in which the leaflets are quite densely hairy along the complete length of the midrib.
3. The two collections made by Feuilleteau de Bruyn from S chou ten Island differ in their thick coriaceous leaflets with very pronounced and dense reticulation.
4. A truly terminal inflorescence is known only from Verheijen 3241, from Flores.
5. A somewhat doubtful collection is PNH (Su-lit) 10113 from Mindanao. It differs mainly in its unusually big fruits, which are up to 25 by 45 mm. This may represent a separate species, though in the H. cupanioides alliance.
2. The type of H. fruticosa from West New Guinea is the only specimen in which the leaflets are quite densely hairy along the complete length of the midrib.
3. The two collections made by Feuilleteau de Bruyn from S chou ten Island differ in their thick coriaceous leaflets with very pronounced and dense reticulation.
4. A truly terminal inflorescence is known only from Verheijen 3241, from Flores.
5. A somewhat doubtful collection is PNH (Su-lit) 10113 from Mindanao. It differs mainly in its unusually big fruits, which are up to 25 by 45 mm. This may represent a separate species, though in the H. cupanioides alliance.
Citation
Radlk. 1934 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1443
Leenh. & Vente 1982 – In: Blumea: 26
Radlk. 1934 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1444
Miq. 1859 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 570
Span. 1841 – In: Linnaea: 181
auct. non Radlk.: Radlk. 1934: p. 1443. – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: as for both collections by Feuilleteau de Bruyn.
Radlk. 1934 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1448
Merr. 1917: Int. Rumph.: 509
Yap 1989 – In: Tree Fl. Malaya: 444
Lecomte 1912: p. 1022. – In: Fl. Indo-Chine: f. 126: 6-8
Koord. & Valeton 1903 – In: Bijdr. Booms. Java: 239
Fern.-Vill. 1880 – In: Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3: 53
Koord. & Valeton 1913 – In: Atlas: pl. 142: a-e
Docters van Leeuwen 1926: Zoocecidia: 337: f. 609 & 610
Merr. 1923 – In: Enum. Philipp. Flow. Pl.: 516
Radlk. 1934 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1440
Ridley 1922 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 510
Backer & Bakh. f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 142
Gagnep. 1950: Fl. Indo-Chine: 954
Radlk. 1879: Sapind. Holl.-Ind.: 94
Hassk. 1866 – In: Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle: 329
Miq. 1859 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 570
Burk. 1935: Dict. Econ. Prod. Malay Penins.: 1128
Merr. 1923 – In: Enum. Philipp. Flow. Pl.: 516
Radlk. 1934 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1441
Roxb. 1920 – In: Bot. Jahrb.: 313
Hartley et al. 1973 – In: Lloydia: 270
Radlk. 1914 – In: Meded. Rijks-Herb.: 20
King 1896 – In: J. As. Soc. Beng.: 451
Craib 1926 – In: Fl. Siam. Enum.: 335
Radlk. 1934 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1442
Gresh. 1893 – In: Meded. Lands Plantentuin: 44
Radlk. 1879: Sapind. Holl.-Ind.: 50, 94