Ximenia americana var. americana

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Ximenia americana var. americana

Description

Glabrous sprawling or low-branching shrub or tree, up to 10 m; Branchlets usually spiny, covered with red cork and roundish lenticels. Leaves often closely arranged on short lateral twigs, deciduous in the dry season, variable in shape, size and texture, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, ovate, elliptic, obovate or sometimes suborbicular, generally obtuse on both ends, though apex generally minutely apiculate or mucronulate, and sometimes emarginate, (sub)coriaceous, yellowish green, turning brownish blackish and becoming brittle in drying, (2-) 2.5-5 (-8, -10) by (1-) 2-3 (-4, -6) cm; Inflorescences axillary or near the ends of short lateral branchlets (brachyblasts) in form of sub-umbellate racemes or cymes, peduncled up to 1.5 cm, 3-9-flowered, up to 2.5 cm, pedicels ebracteolate, 3-7 (-12) mm. Flowers usually bisexual, white to greenish, fragrant. Petals 4 (5), linear-oblong, acute to rather obtuse, finally recurved for about half their length, white-barbate inside, (5-) 8-10 (-12) by 1.5-2 mm. Stamens 8 (10); Ovary ovoid-conical; Seed 1, 1.5-2.5 by 1.2-2 cm.

Distribution

pantropical and -subtropical present
Pantropical and -subtropical.

Dispersal

The succulent pericarp is eaten by birds. The kernel is light enough to float, and there is, in addition, a layer of air-bearing tissue beneath the shell which allows the fruit to be water-borne for months ().

Taxonomy

Ximenia americana comprises numerous local forms of doubtful taxonomic significance.

Uses

Wood hard, close-grained, used as a substitute for white Sandal wood, because of its yellowish brownish colour. The sour pulp of the fruit is eaten. The kernels are purgative, a fact already stated by RUMPHIUS.