Lithocarpus javensis
Content
Description
Tree 20-50 m, 30-100 cm ø;
Branchlets initially with a dense reddish brown indu-ment, later glabrous, pale to greyish brown, sparsely lenticellate;
Leaves thick-coriaceous, (5-)8-12(-16) by (2-)3-4(-6) cm (index 2-3), broadest at or slightly below the middle;
Stipules narrowly ovate or subulate, 5-9 by 1-2 mm, rather long persistent.
Inflorescence male, androgynous, or mixed, densely fulvous-tomen-tose by stellate hairs;
Distribution
Asia-Tropical: Jawa (Jawa present); Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia present); Sumatera (Sumatera present), Singkep I present, rather common in the western parts, eastwards to Mt Ungaran in Central Java present
Malesia: Sumatra (various localities), also Singkep I., Malay Peninsula (rare), Java (rather common in the western parts, eastwards to Mt Ungaran in Central Java).
Notes
In the previous works L. costata was distinguished from L. javensis by its cupule with apical aperture wider than ½ cm. In JUNGHUHN.n. from Mt Malabar (described by OUDEMANS as L. scutigera) and JACOBS 4564 (from Mt Ker-intji, Central W. Sumatra), however, the cupule is intermediate between that of L. javensis and L. costata. Furthermore the leaves of these three species are exactly the same. In 1826, and also in 1829, BLUME recognized two varieties under Quercus costata, differing from each other by the fruit. In the typical variety the upper free part of the fruit is flat to concave, while in the other it is convex. In 1850, BLUME named the latter variety var. convexa. The type specimens at Leyden show that no sharp boundary between these two varieties can be drawn. In 1888, HOOKER f, attributed several specimens from Malaya to Quercus costata, apparently without examining the original specimen of BLUME. KING (1889) followed HOOKER, and on account of the convex fruit included the Malayan specimens in var. convexa. GAMBLE (1914) working on the Malayan specimens only, included Quercus costata in the genus Pasania, and placed them in the subgenus Cyclobalanus. In 1954, A. CAMUS disagreed with HOOKER, KING, and GAMBLE, and transferred Quercus costata to the genus Lithocarpus, recognizing four distinct varieties, viz. var. typica, convexa, scutigera (all from Java) and var. kingii for the Malayan specimens. I consider L. costata (Bl.) REHD. var. kingii A. CAMUS as a separate species, differing from L. javensis (incl. L. costata and its varieties, and L. scutigera) by its cupule enclosing the lower part of the fruit only (see 25. L. perakensis).
Citation
WENZIG 1886 – In: Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berl. p 238
A.DC. 1864 – In: Prod. p 104
K. & V. 1904 – In: Bijdr. p 60
KORTH. 1844: Kruidk. p 212
WENZIG 1886 – In: Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berl. p 239
BACKER & BAKH.f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java. p 6
A. CAMUS 1954: p. 582. – In: Chênes. t. 354: 1-5
A. CAMUS 1954: p. 582. – In: Chênes. t. 353: 10-15, t. 354: 6-8
King 1889: p. 83. – In: Ann. R. Bot. Gard. Calc. t. 76 B
OUDEM. 1865: p. 19. – In: Natuurk. Verh. Kon. Akad. t. 11
A. CAMUS 1954: p. 580. – In: Chênes. t.
Bl. 1829: Fl. Jav. Cupul: 35. t. 20
A. CAMUS 1954: p. 572. – In: Chênes. t. 351: 1-20
A.DC. 1864 – In: Prod. p 93
Koord. 1913 – In: Atlas. t. 46
Koord. 1913 – In: Atlas. t. 48
Bl. 1829: Fl. Jav. Cupul: 25. t. 13
OUDEM. 1865: p. 20. – In: Natuurk. Verh. Kon. Akad. t. 12
Miq. 1863 – In: Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. p 116
SOEPADMO 1970 – In: Reinwardtia. p 249
Bl. 1850 – In: MUS. Bot. p 301
BACKER & BAKH.f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java. p 6
K. & V. 1904 – In: Bijdr. p 58