Guioa diplopetala

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Guioa diplopetala

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Description

Shrub to tree, 1-18.5 m high, dbh 3 cm to 1.3 m; Branchlets usually brown sericeous when young; Leaves 1-9-jugate; Inflorescences (ramiflorous to) axillary (to pseudoterminal), (unbranched to) branching basally and along the terete to slightly flattened, subsericeous (to subhirsute), 0.4-18 cm long axis; Flowers 3-4.5 mm in diam., without scent. Sepals 5, ovate, mar¬gin and sometimes outside pilose, margin with glands, inside glabrous, green; Petals 5, elliptic to obovate, 0.5-4 by 0.3-2.2 mm, white; Stamens 8; Fruits with 1-3 well developed lobes, 0.7-1.5 by 0.7-1.8 cm, smooth to somewhat ribbed, glabrous, red when fresh, blackish when dry; Seeds obovoid, 5-9 by 4.1-7.3 mm, black;

Distribution

Asia-Tropical: Borneo present; Cambodia (Cambodia present); Jawa (Jawa present); Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia present); Sulawesi (Sulawesi present); Sumatera (Sumatera present); Thailand (Thailand present); Vietnam (Vietnam present), Burma present
Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malesia: Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Celebes.

Uses

Boiled roots act against blennorrhea (suppurating inflamation of mucous membranes; ). The wood is apparently usable for house construction (), and is resistant against termites and used as poles (). The wood of G. bijuga, rather similar to that of G. diplopetala, seems to be very vulnerable to insect attack. The arillode is presumably edible (Pételot, 1952).

Notes

1. Guioa diplopetala is a very widespread and variable species, with a peculiar, almost circular distribution of forms, see . On Borneo two distinguishable forms are present (); specimens which link these two forms are found on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Java (see arrow in ). The form 'G. bullata' has been described for the west point of Borneo (S Sarawak and SW Kalimantan; shows an extreme form): the leaflets are broad, have a low leaf-index, an asymmetrical base, and are slightly villose below. The same form has been described for the Malay Peninsula as 'G.fuscidula' (), and here the base can be even more asymmetrical, the indumentum is somewhat more hirsute. The latter form is connected to 'G squamosa' (, e; synonym: G. cambodiana), and (G. microphylla' with very small leaflets (), through 'G.fuscidula var. glabrescens' (), all from the Peninsula; 'G. squamosa' has smaller asymmetrical leaflets with a somewhat higher leaf-index and lacks the hirsute indumentum. Intermediate forms between 'G. fuscidula/G. squamosa' and typical G diplopetala (syn.: G. regularis) are found on Sumatra (). Typical G diplopetala is found on Sumatra, Java, E Borneo (the other form of Borneo!) and Celebes (): the leaflets are rather symmetrical, long, narrow (high leaf-index), and lack hairs (sometimes the leaflets are very sparsely pilose below). The two forms on Borneo are spatially separated by the geologically old (dating from before the glacial periods) Lupar River system in W Borneo. This river is also a border for other species from different families, e.g., 51 species of Dipterocarpaceae occur east or west of it (Ashton, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 64,1977,694-705). The presence of the central mountain range in Borneo may have prevented a further mingling of both forms; however, few collections have been made in central Borneo and it is therefore possible that intermediates exist in Borneo itself.
2. From Java northwards to Borneo and Celebes the fruits gradually become somewhat smaller.

Citation

Radlk. 1929: Pl. Elm. Born.: 175
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1161
Koord. 1912 – In: Exk. Fl. Java: 542
Salvosa 1963: Lex. Philipp. Pl.: 104
Yap 1989 – In: Tree Fl. Malaya: 442
King 1896 – In: J. As. Soc. Beng.: 444
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1161
Mem 1923 – In: Enum. Philipp. Flow. Pl.: 507
Valeton 1902 – In: Bull. Inst. Bot. Buitenzorg.: 10
Radlk. 1879: Sapind. Holl.-Ind.: 38
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1161
Radlk. 1879 – In: Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. CL Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Miinchen: 609
Ridley 1922 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 506
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1164
Gagnep. 1950: Fl. Indo-Chine.: 979
Gagnep. 1950: Fl. Indo-Chine: 981
Kurz 1877 – In: Fl. Burm.: 284
Filet 1888: Plantk. Woordenb., ed. 2: 277: nr. 8115
Hiern 1875 – In: Hook. f., Fl. Br. India 1: 676
Ridley 1922 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 506
Meijer 1967 – In: Bot. News Bull.: 75
auct. non Kurz: Kurz 1877 – In: Fl. Burm.: 284
Koord. & Vale-ton 1903 – In: Bijdr. Booms. Java: 207
Filet 1888: Plantk. Woordenb., ed. 2: 151: nr. 3862b.
Radlk. 1879 – In: Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. CL Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Miinchen: 544, 609
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1162
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1163
Ridley 1922 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 506
Masamune 1942: Enum. Phan. Born.: 427
Radlk. 1904 – In: Perkins, Fragm. Fl. Philipp. 1: 63
Lecomte 1912 – In: Fl. Indo-Chine: 1025
King 1896 – In: J. As. Soc. Beng.: 445
Corner 1939 – In: Gard. Bull. Str. Settl.: 44
Burk. & Hend. 1925 – In: Gard. Bull. Str. Settl.: 363
Kurz 1875 – In: J. As. Soc. Beng.: 188, 189
Welzen 1989: p. 197. – In: Leiden Bot. Series: f. 76, 77
Hassk. 1848: Pl. Jav. Rar.: 286
Radlk 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1162
Radlk. 1913 – In: Philipp. J. Sc, Bot.: 446
Radlk. 1879 – In: Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. Cl Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Miinchen: 515, 609
Hassk. 1844: Cat. Hort. Bog.: 224
Backer & Bakh. f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 140
Corner 1939 – In: Gard. Bull. Str. Settl.: 43
Desch 1954 – In: Mal. For. Rec.: 526
Bran-dis 1906: Ind. Trees: 186
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1162
Brandis 1906: Ind. Trees: 186
Yap 1989 – In: Tree Fl. Malaya: 442
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1161
Ridley 1900 – In: J. Str. Br. Roy. As. Soc.: 66
Walp. – In: Ann.: 214
Masamune 1942: Enum. Phan. Born.: 426
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1161
Radlk. 1940: Wayside Trees: 588
Moll & Janss. 1911 – In: Mikrogr. Holz.: 377
Radlk. 1933 – In: Engl., Pflanzenr. 98: 1162
Radlk. 1879 – In: Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Miinchen: 514, 521, 543, 610
Ridley 1922 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 506