Ficus sumatrana

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Ficus sumatrana

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Description

Tree up to 30 m tall, hemi-epiphytic, sometimes a climber. internal hairs absent. Leaves spirally arranged; stipules 0.5-1(-1.3) or 1-1.5(-2) cm long, (very minutely) white (to brownish) puberulous or glabrous, caducous. Ovary partly red.

Distribution

Asia-Tropical: Borneo present; Jawa (Jawa present); Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia present); Philippines (Philippines present); Sulawesi (Sulawesi present); Sumatera (Sumatera present); Thailand (Thailand present), Banka present, Myanmar present
Myanmar, Indochina, Thailand; in Malesia: Sumatra (incl. Banka), Malay Peninsula, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Celebes (?).

Notes

3No material from Celebes is found in L and, therefore, the presence of the species in this island (as indicated by Corner) is uncertain. 1This species is quite variable and three more or less distinct forms can be distinguished. They may have more weight than currently given, but neither morphology nor distribution provide tools to treat them otherwise.
  • Form A — Lateral veins 4-6(-7) pairs, the basal pair mostly up to 1/4-1/3 the length of the lamina; petiole mostly longer than 1 cm (even in relatively small leaves); stipules mostly longer than 1 cm and (minutely) hairy. Fig receptacle 0.6-1 cm diam. when dry; basal bracts 3-4(-7) mm long. — Sumatra, Malay Peninsula, Java, Borneo, Philippines, and the Asian mainland, at low altitudes. This form includes var. circumscissa and var. subsumatrana.
  • Form B — Leafy twigs relatively thick (often drying dark brown to blackish). Lamina relatively thick; lateral veins 6-9(-11) pairs, the basal pair mostly up to 1/8-1/4 the length of the lamina; petiole mostly longer than 1 cm; stipules mostly longer than 1 cm, glabrous. Fig receptacle 0.6-0.8 cm diam. when dry; basal bracts 5-8(-10) mm long. — Borneo (northern), mostly at altitudes between 800 and 1600 m (several collections made on Mt Kinabalu). This form has been described as F. palaquiifolia.
  • Form C — Lateral veins 3-6(-7), the basal pair often up to 1/2 the length of the lamina; petiole mostly up to 1 cm long (even in relatively large leaves), but in the Philippines often longer, up to 1.8 cm, rarely up to 2.5 cm; stipules mostly up to 1 cm long and usually glabrous. Fig receptacle 0.3-0.6(-0.8) cm diam. when dry; basal bracts 3-4 mm long. — Sumatra, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Philippines, and possibly Java, at altitudes up to 1100 m. This form has been described as F. dulitensis and F. sumatrana var. microsyce. Some of the collections included are rather similar to F. microcarpa, but can be distinguished by the usually acute acumen of the lamina, the tertiary venation which is rather reticulate then running largely parallel to the lateral veins, and the smaller basal bracts 2-3 mm long.
 2In particular Form C may be confused with F. microcarpa and F. pallescens; the differences are discussed under these two species.

Citation

Kochummen 1978 – In: Tree Fl. Malaya: 158
Koord. 1916 – In: Atlas Baumart. Java: t. 727
Kochummen 1978 – In: Tree Fl. Malaya: 158
Corner 1965: – Gard. Bull. Singapore 21: 24
Miq. 1859 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 341
Miq. 1859 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 342
Backer & Bakh.f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 35
King 1887: p. 40. – In: Sp. Ficus: t. 35B
Kochummen 1978 – In: Tree Fl. Malaya: 158
Miq. 1861: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 437
Sata 1944 – In: Contr. Hort. Inst. Taihoku Imp. Univ.: 199
Corner 2000 – In: Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak: 234
Gagnep. 1928 – In: Fl. Indo-Chine: 818
Miq. 2000 – In: Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak: 223
Corner 1965: – Gard. Bull. Singapore 21: 18
Merr. 1923 – In: Enum. Philipp. Flow. Pl.: 54