Chilocarpus denudatus

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Chilocarpus denudatus

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Description

Large woody climber. Branchlets glabrous. Leaves: Inflorescence axillary and terminal, 1.5-11.5 cm long, ultimate axes shorter but not so contracted as to appear umbelliform; Stamens inserted at 1.4-2.1 mm from corolla base which is 0.3-0.6 of tube length; Ovary 0.5-1.1 mm high; Fruit ellipsoid to fusiform, 2.9-7 by 2.1-4.2 cm, apex apiculate. Seeds 6-9 by 4.5-8.2 by 2.5-5 mm.

Distribution

Anamba Islands present, Asia-Tropical: Borneo present; Cambodia (Cambodia present); Jawa (Jawa present); Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia present); Maluku (Maluku present); New Guinea present; Sulawesi (Sulawesi present); Sumatera (Sumatera present); Thailand (Thailand present), Burma present, Nicobar Islands present, Papua present, South India present, Tenasserim present, southern Vietnam present
South India, Nicobar Islands, Burma (Tenasserim), Thailand, Cambodia, southern Vietnam; in Malesia: Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo (Anamba Islands), Java, Sulawesi, Moluccas, New Guinea (Papua).

Taxonomy

2 Chilocarpus sunainaianus Yogan. and C. denudatus var. nicobaricus M. Gangop. & Chakr., both from the Nicobar Islands, have been synonymised under C. denudatus by Leeuwenberg (2002). I have not seen the types but this synonymy is likely correct. 3 It is extremely difficult to distinguish C. denudatus and C. torulosus in flower. The stamens tend to be inserted higher in the tube in C. torulosus but this conclusion is based on extremely inadequate mature flowering material of both species. Also the leaves of C. torulosus tend to be more coriaceous and it is confined to Borneo where C. denudatus is seemingly absent (but see note under C. conspicuus). They are easily distinguished in fruit. There is, however, the possibility that some of the immature flowering material from Sulawesi and the Moluccas, where no fruiting material of C. torulosus has been found, has been misidentified leading to a misinterpretation of the distributions of the two species. All the specimens from Borneo assigned to this species by Leeuwenberg are a mixture of other species of Chilocarpus, mainly C. beccarianus, and Andodendron. There is one old specimen of C. denudatus from a plant cultivated in Bogor that states that it came from Borneo but until wild material in fruit is collected there its presence in Borneo is not clarified. 1 Leeuwenberg designated Blume s.n. (L 898.110-10) as the lectotype but labelled this specimen and another Blume specimen both as lectotype and did not state that the lectotypification was being done in his publication. Both specimens were equal candidates for lectotypification. I shall follow Leeuwenberg’s choice but under the ICBN the lectotypification is designated here.

Citation

Leeuwenb. 2002 – In: Syst. Geogr. Pl.: 138
Kerr 1939 – In: Craib, Fl. Siam. 2: 424
Ridl. 1923 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 347
Ridl. 1923 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 328
Ridl. 1923 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 327
I.M. Turner 1997 – In: Gard. Bull. Singapore 47: 125
M. Gangop. & Chakr. 1992 – In: J. Econ. Taxon. Bot.: 37
Markgr. 1971 – In: Blumea: 162
Lý 1986 – In: Feddes Repert.: 422
Leeuwenb. 2002 – In: Syst. Geogr. Pl.: 141
Ridl. 1923 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 327
Miq. 1857 – In: Fl. Ned. Ind.: 393
Markgr. 1971 – In: Blumea: 164
Markgr. 1971 – In: Blumea: 162
Pit. 1933 – In: Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 3: 1092
Blume 1850 – In: Mus. Bot.: 153
Kessler et al. 2002 – In: Blumea: 14
I.M. Turner 1997 – In: Gard. Bull. Singapore 47: 125
Hook.f. 1882 – In: Fl. Brit. India: 626
Bakh.f. 1950 – In: Blumea: 385
Miq. 1857 – In: Fl. Ned. Ind.: 393
D.J. Middleton 1999 – In: Fl. Thailand: 27
Backer & Bakh.f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 224
King & Gamble 1907 – In: J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal: 400
Markgr. 1971 – In: Blumea: 164