1 | Stomatal crypts absent from leaf underside; leaf underside glabrous or with a persistent lanate pubescence and then with large persistent stipules 7-40 mm. |
1' | Stomatal crypts present on leaf underside; leaf undersurface lanate or at least pubescent in crypts; stipules usually small, or if larger then early caducous. |
2 | Leaf undersurface glabrous. Stipules small and caducous. |
2' | Leaf undersurface densely lanate pubescent, but when removed no stomatal crypts present; stipules large and persistent, 7-40 mm long, 3-5 cm broad at base. |
3 | Leaves elliptic to oblong or obovate-elliptic, 9.5-20.5 by 4.5-8.5 cm; primary veins 11-16 pairs. Panicles large and silvery pubescent |
3' | Leaves ovate, 5-9 by 2-4.5 cm; primary veins 7-11 pairs. Panicles small and subsericeous brown pubescent |
4 | Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 5-18 cm long on flowering branches, thickly coriaceous, base cuneate |
4' | Leaves elliptic to oblong, 11-28 cm long, chartaceous, base rounded |
5 | Leaf lower surface with a series of small glands along lower part of margin. Calyx broadly cupuliform. |
5' | Leaf lower surface without marginal glands on lower part. Calyx usually campanulate. |
6 | Leaf apex acute or rounded but not acuminate; primary veins 10-17 pairs. Young branches with small, almost plane lenticels. Low tree of savanna, savanna forest and forest margins |
6' | Leaf apex acuminate, acumen 3-10 mm long; primary veins 16-22 pairs; young branches with extremely prominent large lenticels; large tree of rain-forest and hills |
7 | Primary leaf veins 20-33 pairs (16-26 pairs in P. costata subsp. polyneura). |
7' | Primary leaf veins 20 pairs or fewer. |
8 | Petioles 9-17 mm long |
8' | Petioles 3-6 mm long. |
9 | Leaves chartaceous, primary veins prominulous above, 16-26 pairs |
9' | Leaves coriaceous, primary veins impressed for upper portion, 20-28 pairs |
10 | Petioles 10-20 mm long; leaves with or without a metallic sheen above. |
10' | Petioles 3-10 mm long; leaves without metallic sheen. |
11 | Leaves with metallic sheen above; petioles 14-20 mm long; leaves 4-9 cm broad. Borneo |
11' | Leaves without metallic sheen; petioles 10-12 mm long; leaves 6.5-12 cm broad. New Guinea |
12 | Leaves rigidly coriaceous, often broadest well below mid point; midrib and often primary veins lightly impressed on upper surface |
12' | Leaves thinly coriaceous or chartaceous, usually broadest at or above middle (except in P. insularum); midrib and primary veins usually plane or prominulous. |
13 | Leaves ovate, with long thin acumen, tapering from well below mid point; midrib impressed above. Plants of Pacific Islands (Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Wallis Is.) |
13' | Leaves elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, tapering from middle or above; midrib usually plane or prominulous. Plants of Sunda shelf. |
14 | Inflorescence predominantly axillary. Leaves broadly elliptic |
14' | Inflorescence terminal and subterminal. Leaves elliptic to narrowly oblong. |
15 | Leaf apex rounded to acute. Thailand and Indochina |
15' | Leaf apex acuminate. Burma, Malay Peninsula, Indonesia and the Philippines |