Parinari

Content

Description

Small or large trees or rarely shrubs. Leaves usually with stomatal crypts filled with pubescence on lower surface or rarely glabrous, or lanate pubescent without crypts. Stipules small to large, persistent or caducous. Inflorescence a many-flowered complex cyme or cymose panicle. Flowers hermaphrodite. Petals 5, as long as or shorter than sepals, caducous. Stamens 6-10, unilateral, the filaments glabrous, included, with c. 6 minute staminodes opposite. Ovary inserted on upper half of receptacle tube below mouth, pilose on exterior; Fruit a fleshy drupe;

Distribution

Africa present, Asia-Tropical, Australasia, Pacific present, Pantropical present, neotropics present, northern Queensland present, tropical Asia present

Pantropical with 18 species in the Neotropics, 6 in Africa and 15 in tropical Asia (P. anamensis), Malesia, the Pacific region (P. insularam) and northern Queensland, Australia; in Malesia 13 species.

Uses

The fruit of several species are edible, but little-used.

Notes

Since inflorescences and flowers are uniform in the Malesian region, the species are difficult to separate; a key containing all 15 Australasian species, based on leaf characters only, is given here.

Citation

Benth. 1849 – In: HOOK., Niger Fl.: 333

BAILL. 1869 – In: Hist. Pl.: 435, 482

Corner 1940: Wayside Trees: 527

ENDL. 1840: Gen: 1252: n. 6411

WHITE 1976 – In: Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg.: 310

AUBL. 1978 – In: Fl. Zamb.: 36

FOCKE 1891 – In: E. & P., Nat. PH. Fam. 3: 60

SMITH 1985 – In: Fl. Vit. Nov.: 44

K. & V. 1900 – In: Bijdr.: 332

AUBL. 1976 – In: Distr. Pl. Afr.: 327

Miq. 1850 – In: Stirp. Surin. Select.: 7

Merr. 1923 – In: Enum. Philip. Flow. Pl.: 235

JUSS. 1858 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 1084

BOERL. 1890 – In: Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 421, 424

Miq. 1867: – Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 3: 237

HOOK. f. 1878 – In: Fl. Brit. India: 308

KOSTERM. 1965 – In: Reinwardtia: 7

BURK. 1935: Dict.: 1693

HUTCH. 1964 – In: Gen. Flow. Pl.: 192

JUSS. 1855 – In: Mélang. Bot.: 10

R.BR 1818 – In: Tuckey, Nar. Exped. Riv. Zaire Cong.: 433

King 1897 – In: J. As. Soc. Beng.: 276

G.DON 1832 – In: Gen. Syst.: 478

Benth. 1849 – In: Hook., Niger Fl.: 335

Benth. 1864 – In: Fl. Austr.: 426

Miq. 1860: Suppl. Sumatra: 306

C.MUELL. 1857 – In: Walp., Ann. 4: 644

FRITSCH 1889 – In: Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien: 33

BACKER 1911 – In: Schoolfl. Java: 445

PRANCE 1982 – In: Fl. Venez.: 325

BACKER & BAKH. f. 1964 – In: Fl. Java: 521

MEISSN.: Gen.: 102

Blume 1852 – In: Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat.: 94

HOOK. f 1867 – In: Mart., Fl. Bras. 14: 49

LAMK 1804 – In: Encycl. Méth. Bot.: 17

BAILEY 1900 – In: Queensl. Fl.: 524

RIDLEY 1922: Fl. Mal. Pen.: 666

POIR. 1825 – In: Dict. Sci.: 544

BARTL. 1830: Ord. Nat.: 406

ST.HIL. 1804 – In: Expos. Fam.: 194

Benth. 1840 – In: Hook. J. Bot.: 211, 218

HAUMAN 1951 – In: Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux.: 184

PRANCE 1972 – In: Fl. Neotrop.: 178

KURZ 1877 – In: For. Fl. Burma: 432

PRANCE & WHITM. 1973 – In: Tree Fl. Malaya: 332

STEUD. 1821: Norn.: 591

DC. 1825 – In: Prod.: 526

BRANDIS 1906: Indian Trees: 278

HOOK. f. 1865 – In: Benth. & Hook. f., Gen. Pl. 1: 607

Miq. 1855 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 352