Dysoxylum cauliflorum
Description
Trees 5–20(–30) m; clear bole to 16 m, 50 cm diam., sometimes fluted or with small buttresses to 60 cm tall, 5 cm wide, 30 cm out.
Bark grey and smooth with lenticels and bosses of defunct inflorescences to mottled brown with rectangular flakes; inner bark fawn with sour smell and no conspicuous latex; wood straw-coloured.
Leaves to 60 cm, imparipinnate, 4- or 5- (to 6-)jugate; petiole 8–16 cm, 4–5 mm diam., terete to flattened or grooved adaxially when dry, ± rusty puberulous or even tomentose, swollen at base; rachis 3–4 mm diam., terete to flattened adaxially, ± rusty puberulent to pubescent or even tomentose.
Petals (3 or) 4, 7–10 mm long, linear-oblong, acute, imbricate at least at apices, glabrous or sparsely hairy without, white to pinkish or creamish.
Staminal tube glabrous to puberulent without, sericeous within, white margin with (6–)8 bifid lobes; anthers (6–)8, at base of notches between lobes, c. 1 mm long, ovate.
Ovary (3–) 4- (or 5-) locular, pilose; style terete pilose in proximal half; stylehead ± discoid, yellow.
Fruits solitary or clustered at end of rachides (to 8 cm long), to 4 cm long and 4 cm diam., top-shaped, 3- or 4- (or 5-)locular, sometimes 3–4-angled or weakly winged, glabrous, red, pericarp with milky latex, valves bright orange within.
Seeds 1–4, to c. 2 cm long, 8 mm wide, plano-convex, borne on white placenta, aril basal, bright orange; testa black.
Distribution
Asia-Tropical: Borneo present; Cambodia (Cambodia present); Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia present); Sumatera (Sumatera present); Thailand (Thailand present); Vietnam (Vietnam present), Bangka present, Palawan present
Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand); Malesia: Sumatra, Bangka, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Philippines (Palawan). Theobald also records this species for Burma.
Morphology
Forms with narrow leaflets, like those included in the protologue of Dysoxylum angustifoliolum of Palawan, are recorded from Malaya (e. g. Kochummen KEP 76676) and Sumatra (Meijer 6800) and especially tomentose forms are found in the Kinabalu region but also elsewhere.
Citation
Rubeli 1986: Trop. Rain For. SE As: 76: cum tab.
Corner 1988: p. 501. – In: Wayside Trees, ed. 3: t. 148
C.DC. 1878: p. 496. – In: DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: f. 1.
Corner 1940 – In: Wayside Trees: t. 136
Pellegr. 1946: Fl. Indo-Chine: 699
Mabb. 1989 – In: Tree Fl. Malaya: 242
Burkill 1935: Dict. Econ. Prod. Malay Penins.: 885
C.DC. 1878 – In: DC, Monogr. Phan. 1: 498
K. Heyne 1950: Nutt. Pl. Indon., ed. 3: 893
King 1895 – In: J. As. Soc. Beng.: 45
Corner 1940: p. 462. – In: Wayside Trees: t. 153
Corner 1976: Seeds Dicots: 189: t. 375, 384
Merr. 1921 – In: J. Str. Br. Roy. As. Soc.: 320.
Stapf 1894: p. 138. – In: Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot.: incl. var. tomentellum Stapf
Merr. 1921: J. Str. Br. Roy. As. Soc, spec. no: 320: incl. var. tomentellum Stapf
Hô, 1992 – In: I11. Fl. Vietnam: 490.
Harms 1896 – In: Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3, 4: t. 161K
Polunin 1988: Plants Flowers Singap: 118: t. 98
Ridley 1922: p. 396. – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: incl. var. elongatum Ridley
Ridley 1930: Dispersal: frontisp.