Dysoxylum excelsum
Content
Description
Tree to 36 m; bole to 80 cm diam., buttressed to 3 m, buttresses reaching 2.5 m out, concave.
Bark smooth to slightly flaking, lenticellate; inner bark reddish brown with resinous smell; sapwood fawnish white; heartwood brownish-red.
Leaves 25–90 cm, 2–4(–5)-jugate, ± paripinnate with terminal scar; petiole 5–10 cm, ± puberulent, ± flattened adaxially, weakly swollen at base.
Petals 4 (5), 6–15 by 3–4 mm, narrowly oblong, valvate, minutely sericeous without, creamy or pinkish white.
Staminal tube glabrous or weakly puberulent within or without, white, margin truncate to weakly 8- (or 10-)crenate; anthers 8 (10), c. 1 mm long, included, glabrous.
Ovary densely sericeous, 3- or 4-locular, each locule with 1 or 2 ovules; style glabrous in distal half, otherwise sericeous; stylehead discoid to subcapitate.
Capsule up to 5(–7.5) cm diam., 4 cm long, flattened globose to pyriform, 3- or 4-lobed, glabrous to scurfy, chestnut brown when ripe.
Seeds 1–4, c. 2.5 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, subreniform, pendent on funicles at fruit dehiscence, testa bright red; hilum white.
Distribution
Andamans present, Nepal and NE India present, S China and Indochina present, Sinharaja Forest present, throughout Malesia to Solomon Islands present
Sri Lanka (Sinharaja Forest), Nepal and NE India, Andamans, S China and Indochina, throughout Malesia to Solomon Islands, with a very closely allied species (Dysoxylum klanderi F. Muell.) in Queensland, but so far unrecorded from the Bismarck Archipelago.
Citation
Koord. 1912 – In: Exk. Fl. Java: 441
Wu 1977: p. 244. – In: Fl. Yunnan.: f. 1–3
Backer & Bakh. f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 124
Mabb. 1989 – In: Tree Fl. Malaya: 244
Prain 1903 – In: Beng. Pl.: 220
Koord. 1913 – In: Atlas: t. 177.
Merr. 1923 – In: Enum. Philipp. Flow. Pl.: 364.
C.DC. 1878: p. 486. – In: DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: incl. var. integrum C.DC. & var. motleyanum C.DC.
Miq. 1859: p. 538. – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: excl. syn. Jack.
Merr. 1934 – In: Contr. Arnold Arbor.: 81
Backer 1911: Schoolfl. Java: 207
Koord. 1913 – In: Atlas: t. 171
Miq. 1868: p. 19. – In: Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat.: incl. var. hasseltii Miq.
Theob. 1883 – In: Mason, Burma, ed. 4, 2: 582
Koord. 1912 – In: Exk. Fl. Java: 442
Kanj. et al. 1936 – In: Fl. Assam: 231.
C.DC. 1894: p. 578. – In: Bull. Herb. Boiss.: incl. var. macranthum C.DC.
Volkens 1912: Laubfall: 29
Guzman et al. 1986: p. 337. – In: Guide Philipp. Fl. Fauna: t. 256. (Syn. nov.).
C.DC. 1878 – In: DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 485
Merr. 1921: p. 320. – In: J. Str. Br. Roy. As. Soc.: incl. var. motleyanum C.DC.
Backer 1911: Schoolfl. Java: 207
Merr. 1906 – In: Philipp. J. Sc.: 72
Merr. 1923 – In: Enum. Philipp. Flow. Pl.: 362
Ridley 1922: p. 394. – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: incl. var. microbotrys (King) Ridley.
C.DC. 1878 – In: DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 752
Pellegr. 1911: p. 744. – In: Fl. Indo-Chine: t. 81, f. 6–11
Hand.-Mazz. 1933 – In: Symb. Sin.: 632
Zou 1989 – In: Acta Bot. Yunnan.: 157.
Lecomte 1927: Bois Indoch.: 134
Debnath & Sreek. 1992 – In: J. Econ. Tax. Bot.: 219
Burkill 1935: Dict. Econ. Prod. Malay Penins.: 886
G. Don 1831 – In: Gen. Syst.: 683
Robins. 1911 – In: Philipp. J. Sc, Bot.: 207
Griff. 1854 – In: Notul.: t. 585A, f. 1.
Wall.: Cat.: n. 4885.
Craib 1926 – In: Fl. Siam. Enum.: 252
Hô 1992 – In: I11. Fl. Vietnam: 490
Koord. 1923 – In: Fl. Tjibodas: 129
Ridley 1922 – In: Fl. Malay Penins.: 394.
How & Chen 1955 – In: Acta Phytotax. Sin.: 12
Brandis 1906: Indian trees: 138
Koord. & Valeton 1896: p. 56. – In: Bijdr. Booms. Java: incl. var. genuinum Koord. & Valeton