Fimbristylis cymosa
Content
Description
Glabrous perennial with short rhizome.
Leaves much shorter than the stems, coriaceous, flat or canaliculate, abruptly acuminate, scabrid on the margins, 1-2(-3) mm wide;
Inflorescence compound or decompound, loose to very dense, not rarely subcapitate, with many to numerous spikelets.
Stamens 1-3;
Ecology
In open sandy, clayish, or rocky places by the sea: sandy beaches, wet dune hollows, muddy places in the mangrove, etc.; locally often abundant; sometimes inland near hot springs. See .
Notes
In the wide sense accepted here extremely variable. The spikelets may be all solitary or clustered on the well developed rays, or the inflorescence may be contracted into a single head. Glumes, anthers, and style vary considerably in size. The nut may be biconvex or trigonous, smooth or verruculose. The Malesian plants are distigmatic as a rule (F. spatha- cea), but often there are a few tristigmatic flowers among the distigmatic ones. Plants with all or nearly all the flowers tristigmatic (F. cymosa s. str.) are very rare in Malesia (e.g. RAMOS 33444 from Luzon); they prevail in other regions.
F. capitulifera MERR. from the Batan and Babuyan Islands is a remarkable form with the spikelets in dense clusters on well-developed rays, the oblong glumes with shortly excurrent midnerve, a slender style and somewhat smaller nut. It is usually tristigmatic, but distigmatic flowers occur. The spikelets are not always so strikingly clustered. It comes near F. cymosa var. umbellato-capitata (F. spathacea var. umbellato-capitata ,, 8 (); F. cymosa subsp. umbellato-capitata ).
F. pycnocephala HILLEBR., l c., is according to , specifically distinct from F. cymosa, whereas KOYAMA, 1961, refers it to the synonymy of F. spathacea var. umbellato-capitata.
The ‘F. cymosa-sphathacea-complex' Needs further study.
F. capitulifera MERR. from the Batan and Babuyan Islands is a remarkable form with the spikelets in dense clusters on well-developed rays, the oblong glumes with shortly excurrent midnerve, a slender style and somewhat smaller nut. It is usually tristigmatic, but distigmatic flowers occur. The spikelets are not always so strikingly clustered. It comes near F. cymosa var. umbellato-capitata (F. spathacea var. umbellato-capitata ,, 8 (); F. cymosa subsp. umbellato-capitata ).
F. pycnocephala HILLEBR., l c., is according to , specifically distinct from F. cymosa, whereas KOYAMA, 1961, refers it to the synonymy of F. spathacea var. umbellato-capitata.
The ‘F. cymosa-sphathacea-complex' Needs further study.
Citation
Miq. 1856 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 317
Clarke 1909: Ill. Cyp.: f. 7-11
Merr. 1923 – In: En. Philip.: 127
STEUD. 1855 – In: Syn.: 114
Ridl. 1925 – In: Fl. Mal. Pen.: 156
Benth. 1878 – In: Fl. Austr.: 318
CAMUS 1912 – In: Fl. Gén. I.-C.: 109
BACK. 1928: Onkr. Suiker: 161: t. 169
ROTH 1949 – In: Bekn. Fl. Java, (em. ed.): fam. 246, p. 22
KUNTH 1837 – In: En.: 246
F.-VILL. 1882: NOV. App.: 308
DECNE 1835: Herb. Timor. Descr.: 33
KERN 1968 – In: Back. & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 3: 467
Miq. 1856 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 327
Miq. 1856 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 324
CAMUS 1912: p. 119. – In: Fl. Gén. I.-C.: f. 15, 5-6
MOR. 1846: Syst. Verz.: 97
KUNTH 1837 – In: En.: 244
Merr. 1923 – In: En. Philip.: 126
BOECK. 1871 – In: Linnaea: 47
Koord. 1911 – In: Exk. Fl. Java: 199
KUK. 1936 – In: Candollea: 425
Clarke 1907 – In: Philip. J. Sc.: Bot. 95
ZOLL. 1854 – In: Syst. Verz.: 61
Ridl. 1907 – In: Mat. Fl. Mal. Pen. (Monoc.): 93
S. T. BLAKE 1954 – In: J. Arn. Arb.: 219
Miq. 1856 – In: Fl. Ind. Bat.: 328
Merr. 1923 – In: En. Philip.: 122
Clarke 1893 – In: Fl. Br. Ind.: 640
ROTH 1922 – In: Exk. Fl. Java: f. 256