Ulmaceae

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Ulmaceae

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<<<Flowers>Ovary>Ovules>Ovule number

11
1. 004-003-001-001

<<<Flowers>Ovary>Stigma>Shape

entire or furcate2
2. 004-003-002-002

<<<Flowers>Ovary>Stigma>Stigma number

23
3. 004-003-002-001

<<Flowers>Ovary>Ovules

ovule , subapically attached,4
4. 004-003-001

<<Flowers>Ovary>Stigma

stigmas , .5
5. 004-003-002

<<Flowers>Stamens>Stamen number

(3), 4, 5, or up to 86
6. 004-002-001

<<Flowers>Tepals>Tepal number

(3), 4 or 57
7. 004-001-001

<<Leaves>Stipules>Position

lateral8
8. 002-001-001

<Flowers>Ovary

ovary free, unilocular,9
9. 004-003

<Flowers>Stamens

stamens , straight in the bud;10
10. 004-002

<Flowers>Tepals

tepals ;11
11. 004-001

<Fruits>Cotyledons

cotyledons various.12
12. 005-002

<Fruits>Endosperm

endosperm lacking or present;13
13. 005-001

<Leaves>Blade

blade entire, pinnately veined.14
14. 002-002

<Leaves>Stipules

stipules free, ;15
15. 002-001

Description

Trees, shrubs or climbers, terrestrial, monoecious (or dioecious), sap watery. Leaves alternate, distichous; stipules free, lateral; blade entire, pinnately veined. Inflorescences in the leaf axils or just below the leaves, bisexual or unisexual, branched or unbranched, bracteate. Flowers unisexual (or bisexual); tepals (3), 4 or 5; stamens (3), 4, 5, or up to 8, straight in the bud; ovary free, unilocular, ovule 1, subapically attached, stigmas 2, entire or furcate. Fruit drupaceous; endosperm lacking or present; cotyledons various.

Distribution

Guianas present, Neotropics present, Pantropical, extending to north- and south-temperate regions present
Pantropical, extending to north- and south-temperate regions: 15 genera and approx. 150 species; in the Neotropics 6 (or 7) genera and 20-25 species; in the Guianas 3 genera, with one species each.

Flowers

Flowers unisexual (or bisexual);16
16. 004

Fruits

Fruit drupaceous;17
17. 005

Habit

Trees, shrubs or climbers, terrestrial, monoecious (or dioecious), sap watery.18
18. 001

Inflorescences

Inflorescences in the leaf axils or just below the leaves, bisexual or unisexual, branched or unbranched, bracteate.19
19. 003

Leaves

Leaves alternate, distichous;20
20. 002

Timber properties

The species of Ulmaceae found in the Guianas are of no commercial value, not at present nor in the future. Main reasons are the limited size of the trees or shrubs in combination with the restricted number of individuals.
Ampelocera
Description of the woodNo distinction between heartwood and sapwood, pale brown to pale yellow. Texture fine. Grain straight. Lustre medium.
WeightSpecific gravity 780-890 kg per cubic metre (12%).
Vernacular namesAdabadan (GU), Stinkwood (GU), Kwaskwasi-oedoe (SU).
Trema
Description of the woodNo distinction between heartwood and sapwood, whitish yellow. Texture coarse. Grain interlocked. No lustre.
WeightSpecific gravity 340-440 kg per cubic metre (12%).
Vernacular namesKabuyakoro (GU), Monoki (GU), Kopi-kopi (SU).

Wood


Vessels diffuse, solitary and in multiples of 2-5, perforations simple, inter- vascular pits alternate 8-11 μm, vessel-ray and vessel-parenchyma pits slightly larger.
Rays uniseriate and 2-4 seriate, heterogeneous, rhombic crystals sometimes present.
Parenchyma variable.
Fibres non-septate in Ampelocera and Trema, partly septate in Celtis, pits simple.
KEY FOR IDENTIFICATIONFibres in part septate.Celtis iguanaeaFibres non-septate.2Parenchyma aliform-confluent with long and often narrow wings.Ampelocera edentulaParenchyma very scarce, scanty vasicentric.Trema micrantha