Nyctaginaceae
Content
- <<<Flowers>Perianth>Shape>Relative distance
- <<<Flowers>Perianth>Shape>Teeth number
- <<<Flowers>Pistil>Ovules>Ovule number
- <<<Flowers>Pistil>Stigma>Position
- <<<Flowers>Pistil>Stigma>Shape
- <<<Flowers>Pistil>Style>Shape
- <<<Flowers>Stamens>Anthers>Locule number
- <<<Flowers>Stamens>Filaments>Shape
- <<<Fruits>Seeds>Perisperm>Texture
- <<<Leaves>Blade>Margins>Hairs
- <<<Leaves>Blade>Margins>Margin type
- <<Branches>Spines>Growth form
- <<Branches>Spines>Position
- <<Flowers>Perianth>Colour
- <<Flowers>Perianth>Shape
- <<Flowers>Perianth>Tube
- <<Flowers>Perianth>Upper parts
- <<Flowers>Pistil>Carpel number
- <<Flowers>Pistil>Locule number
- <<Flowers>Pistil>Ovules
- <<Flowers>Pistil>Pistil number
- <<Flowers>Pistil>Stigma
- <<Flowers>Pistil>Style
- <<Flowers>Stamens>Anthers
- <<Flowers>Stamens>Filaments
- <<Flowers>Stamens>Stamen number
- <<Fruits>Anthocarps>Hairs
- <<Fruits>Anthocarps>Rib number
- <<Fruits>Seeds>Embryo
- <<Fruits>Seeds>Endosperm
- <<Fruits>Seeds>Perisperm
- <<Fruits>Seeds>Seed number
- <<Fruits>Seeds>Testa
- <<Habit>Root system>Texture
- <<Inflorescences>Involucres>Colour
- <<Inflorescences>Involucres>Flower number
- <<Leaves>Blade>Margins
- <<Leaves>Blade>Raphides
- <<Leaves>Blade>Shape
- <<Leaves>Blade>Texture
- <Branches>Spines
- <Flowers>Perianth
- <Flowers>Pistil
- <Flowers>Stamens
- <Fruits>Anthocarps
- <Fruits>Seed number
- <Fruits>Seeds
- <Fruits>Texture
- <Habit>Growth form
- <Habit>Root system
- <Inflorescences>Involucres
- <Inflorescences>Position
- <Inflorescences>Shape
- <Leaves>Blade
- <Leaves>Petiole
- <Leaves>Stipules
- <Leaves>Veins
- Branches
- Description
- Distribution
- FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS
- FAMILY DESCRIPTION
- Flowers
- Fruits
- Habit
- Individuals Association
- Inflorescences
- Leaves
- Notes
- TIMBERS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
- Taxonomic changes
<<<Flowers>Pistil>Stigma>Position
terminal, rarely lateral or style stigmatic along one side4
4. 005-003-006-002
<<Flowers>Perianth>Shape
campanulate, funnel-shaped, or tubular, sometimes urceolate or salver-shaped, connate completely to a truncate tube or with a or -lobed limb15
15. 005-001-002
<<Flowers>Perianth>Tube
tube persistent in fruit, usually accrescent, indurate at base and forming an anthocarp;16
16. 005-001-004
<<Flowers>Stamens>Anthers
anthers dehiscent by longitudinal slits, , dorsifixed or basifixed;24
24. 005-002-003
<<Flowers>Stamens>Filaments
filaments unequal, , free or united at base in small, often swollen collar, presumably functioning as nectary,25
25. 005-002-002
<Flowers>Pistil
pistil , included in perianth, ovary superior, , , sessile or stipitate,43
43. 005-003
<Inflorescences>Involucres
involucre, when present, of free or connate segments, often calyx-like, enclosing flowers, persistent or deciduous, often accrescent around fruit, .51
51. 004-003
<Inflorescences>Shape
paniculate or corymbose cymes (sometimes flowers axillary and solitary, or in thyrses, racemes, spikes, umbels or capitules), pedunculate, usually bracteate or variously involucrate53
53. 004-002
Description
Annual or perennial herbs, shrubs or trees, sometimes scandent or prostrate; root system fibrous, fleshy or tuberous. Branches dichotomously or trichotomously forked, often swollen at nodes, sometimes armed with, and climbing by means of, thick, straight to recurved, axillary spines. Leaves alternate, opposite, subopposite or whorled, simple; sessile or petiolate; exstipulate; blade membranaceous to carneous, often marked and coarsened with conspicuous raphides, symmetric or oblique at base, margin usually entire, sometimes toothed or lobed, glabrous or pubescent; pinnately veined. Inflorescence of terminal or axillary, diffuse or congested, paniculate or corymbose cymes (sometimes flowers axillary and solitary, or in thyrses, racemes, spikes, umbels or capitules), pedunculate, usually bracteate or variously involucrate; involucre, when present, of free or connate segments, often calyx-like, enclosing 1 or many flowers, persistent or deciduous, often accrescent around fruit, green or brightly coloured. Flowers regular or nearly so, bisexual or unisexual, then sometimes sexes with different perianth, usually dioecious when flowers unisexual; perianth plicate or contorted in bud, green or coloured, campanulate, funnel-shaped, or tubular, sometimes urceolate or salver-shaped, connate completely to a truncate tube or for more than 2/3 with a 3-5-dentate or -lobed limb, upper part mostly caducous after anthesis, tube persistent in fruit, usually accrescent, indurate at base and forming an anthocarp; stamens 1-10(-30), hypogynous, included or exserted, filaments unequal, filiform, free or united at base in small, often swollen collar, presumably functioning as nectary, anthers dehiscent by longitudinal slits, 4-locular, 2-locular when mature, dorsifixed or basifixed; pistil 1, included in perianth, ovary superior, 1-carpellate, 1-locular, sessile or stipitate, ovule 1, anatropous or campylotropous, style short or elongate, sometimes absent, stigma simple, capitate, peltate, penicillate or fimbriate, terminal, rarely lateral or style stigmatic along one side. Fruit a 1-seeded anthocarp, formed by persistent, coriaceous, fleshy perianth-tube or its indurated base with enclosed achene or utricle; anthocarp costate (5- to 10-ribbed at base), sulcate or winged, glabrous or pubescent, often viscous when wet; seed 1, testa hyaline, endosperm scanty, perisperm abundant, usually mealy or fleshy, embryo curved or straight.
Distribution
Guianas present, tropical America present
About 400 species in 31 genera, mostly in tropical America, with a few temperate representatives; in the Guianas 14 species in 6 genera, including the cultivated Bougainvillea and Mirabilis .
FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS
The family can easily be recognised by some anatomical features, in particular abnormal secondary growth by the included phloem, is easily spotted with a hand lens (). See also Metcalfe & Chalk 1983, p. 211; Carlquist 1988, p. 256; Lindeman et al. 1963, p. 249). In the wood of
In the wood of
The family description is based on wood samples of
Although
In
FAMILY DESCRIPTION
Included phloem present as islands of 500/600 x 375/550 μm, islands oval (to round), rarely kidney-shaped, diffusely spread (, ). Often raphids or styloids included ().
Vessels at the adaxial side of the phloem islands, as irregular or regular radial rows and chains up to 8 vessels long, intermingled with few parenchyma strands (); 1-3(-5) vessel groups per mm² (5-10 vessels per mm²); vessels round to oval, diameter 50-100(-150) μm. Perforations simple. Intervascular pits alternate, round to slightly oval, 4-6 μm. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervascular pits or slightly larger. Vessel member length ca. 150-200 μm.
Rays uniseriate up to 14-18 cells, 350-500 μm high, consisting of procumbent to nearly square cells, with scanty biseriate parts of 1-4 cells high (), 7-12 per mm.
Parenchyma as fusiform cells and strands of 2 cells (), ca. 150 μm high; paratracheal as scanty cells in the vessel groups, apotracheal as one cell wide layers, abaxially accompanying the phloem islands.
Fibres thin- to thick-walled, walls ca. 3-6(-8) μm, lumen (6-)18-20 μm wide. Pits simple, slit-like, the occurrence on both radial and tangential walls varying from scanty to numerous.
Ripple marks present to absent inGuapira , formed by fibres, parenchyma and vessels members, rarely also by rays (); very vague to absent in Neea and Pisonia .
Remarks: The vessel diameter is up to 50 μm inNeea mollis () and in the Guianan material of N. spruceana . The vessel diameter of the Krukoff collections of N. spruceana from Brazil however, is (50-)85-90(-115) µm.
In some species (i.e.Guapira eggersiana ) only square ray cells were observed. The rays of Pisonia macranthocarpa are deviating by their height: (1000-1200 μm; up to 40 cells) with biseriate parts of up to 6 cells; these rays are terminally or laterally accompanied by upright cells ().
Short irregular, narrow apotracheal bands of parenchyma intermingled with thinwalled fibres are present inGuapira eggersiana . Diffuse apotracheal parenchyma is abundant in Pisonia macranthocarpa in short, one cell wide bands; fusiform cells are also found as ray margins or “sheath cells”.
Vessels at the adaxial side of the phloem islands, as irregular or regular radial rows and chains up to 8 vessels long, intermingled with few parenchyma strands (); 1-3(-5) vessel groups per mm² (5-10 vessels per mm²); vessels round to oval, diameter 50-100(-150) μm. Perforations simple. Intervascular pits alternate, round to slightly oval, 4-6 μm. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervascular pits or slightly larger. Vessel member length ca. 150-200 μm.
Rays uniseriate up to 14-18 cells, 350-500 μm high, consisting of procumbent to nearly square cells, with scanty biseriate parts of 1-4 cells high (), 7-12 per mm.
Parenchyma as fusiform cells and strands of 2 cells (), ca. 150 μm high; paratracheal as scanty cells in the vessel groups, apotracheal as one cell wide layers, abaxially accompanying the phloem islands.
Fibres thin- to thick-walled, walls ca. 3-6(-8) μm, lumen (6-)18-20 μm wide. Pits simple, slit-like, the occurrence on both radial and tangential walls varying from scanty to numerous.
Ripple marks present to absent in
Remarks: The vessel diameter is up to 50 μm in
In some species (i.e.
Short irregular, narrow apotracheal bands of parenchyma intermingled with thinwalled fibres are present in
Flowers
Flowers regular or nearly so, bisexual or unisexual, then sometimes sexes with different perianth, usually dioecious when flowers unisexual;59
59. 005
Fruits
Fruit a anthocarp, formed by persistent, perianth-tube or its indurated base with enclosed achene or utricle;60
60. 006
Individuals Association
Granville, J.J. de et al. 4911
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1378
Suriname, Went, F.A.F.C. 180
Guyana, Smith, A.C. 3594
Suriname, LBB 12144
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 436
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1123
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 1137
Guyana, Boyan, J. 30
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1440
Leprieur, D. 185
Suriname, Florschütz, P.A. et al. 599
Suriname, Teunissen, P.A. LBB 15133
Granville, J.J. de et al. 456
Granville, J.J. de et al. 837
Feuillet, C. et al. 10188
Suriname, Everaarts, A.P. 567
Suriname, Hostmann, F.W.R. et al. 414
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3606
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 2775
Suriname, Schulz, J.P. 8020
Suriname, Sterringa, J.T. LBB 12518
Guyana, Hoffman, B. et al. 2210
Boom, B.M. & S.A. Mori 2268
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3568
Guyana, Smith, A.C. 2446
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 3117
Suriname, Mori, S.A. & A.B. Bolten 8481
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3148
Suriname, Hostmann, F.W.R. et al. 390
Suriname, Soeprato D5
Guyana, Gillespie, L.J. 2648
Suriname, Jonker-Verhoef, A.M.E. & F.P. Jonker 513
Sagot, P.A. 990
Suriname, Donselaar, J. van et al. 2543
Guyana, Guppy, N.G.L. 660
Suriname, Maas, P.J.M. & J. A. Tawjoeran LBB 10943
Suriname, Hostmann, F.W.R. et al. 947
Granville, J.J. de et al. 7218
Guyana, Stoffers, A.L., A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn et al. 154
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 533
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 9639
Suriname, Pons, T.L. LBB 12653
Suriname, Hekking, W.H.A. 951
Sagot, P.A. s.n.
Oldeman, R.A.A. 1292
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1366
Granville, J.J. de et al. 5115
Suriname, Maguire, B. & G. Stahel 24955
Oldeman, R.A.A. T-266
Suriname, Mori, S.A. & A.B. Bolten 8577
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 2677
Larpin, D. Nx 478
Granville, J.J. de et al. 652
Suriname, Kanhai, E.D. LBB 13346
Suriname, Stahel, G. 55
Guyana, Henkel, T.W., et al. 1452
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 7714
Guyana, Ek, R.C. et al. 674
Larpin, D. Nx 522
Oldeman, R.A.A. B-1895
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 6576
Boom, B.M. & S.A. Mori 2308
Mélinon, E. 279
Larpin, D. 965
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 11720
Mori, S.A. et al. 22886
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 9652
Suriname, Donselaar, J. van et al. 244
Guyana, Maas, P.J.M. et al. 2626
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 1435
Béna, P. BAFOG 1061
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 4840
Oldeman, R.A.A. B-2852
Guyana, Hoffman, B. et al. 3265
Suriname, Schulz, J.P. et al. LBB 9909
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 5064
Oldeman, R.A.A. 1050
Boom, B.M. & S.A. Mori 1941
Soubirou, G. s.n.
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 6313
Mori, S.A. et al. 23747
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C., A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn et al. 623
Suriname, Maguire, B. & G. Stahel 22741
Boom, B.M. & S.A. Mori 2176
Feuillet, C. et al. 10218
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 7224
Oldeman, R.A.A. B-2587
Suriname, Stahel, G. 253a
Granville, J.J. de et al. 4252
Granville, J.J. de et al. B. 5091
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1142
Grenand, P. 2107
Bordenave, B. 338
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 4900
Suriname, Kuyper, J. 36
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3247
Guyana, Mutchnick, P. 953
Suriname, Mennega, A.M.W. et al. 495
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1047
Prévost, M.F. et al. 2196
Moretti, C. 530
Guyana, Maas, P.J.M. et al. 4123A
Suriname, BW 4020
Guyana, Smith, A.C. 2913
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 7370
Suriname, Samuels, J.A. s.n.
Foresta, H. de 686
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 291
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3589
Suriname, Hostmann, F.W.R. et al. 759a
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3366
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3046
Suriname, Mori, S.A. & A.B. Bolten 8497
Cremers, G.A., et al. 11557
Leprieur, D. s.n.
Suriname, Boerboom, J.H.A. LBB 8792
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 310
Service Forestier Guyane Française 7082
Guyana, Bartlett, A.W., s.n. 8597
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 4978
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 11240
Sagot, P.A. 1017
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3650
Oldeman, R.A.A. 2780
Suriname, Groenendijk, E. 60
Cremers, G.A., et al. 6669
Broadway, W.E. 829
Sabatier, D. et al. 1877
Guyana, Hoffman, B. et al. 904
Suriname, Tjon Lim Sang, R.J.M. LBB 16242
Foresta, H. de 681
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3395
Suriname, Wessels Boer, J.G. 535
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 9316
Sarthou, C. 454
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 2599
Guyana, Cruz, J.S. de la 4557
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 4876
Granville, J.J. de et al. 7098
Granville, J.J. de et al. 8228
Guyana, Wilson-Browne, G. 545
without coll. 220
Suriname, Tresling, J.H.A.T. 151
Sabatier, D. et al. 1584
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 7422
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3368
Skog, L.E. & C. Feuillet 7231
Larpin, D. Nx 524
Guyana, Schomburgk, Ro. ser. II, 535
Guyana, Hohenkerk, L.S. C 33
Sastre, C. 6309
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 4207
Guyana, Irwin, H.S. BG-57
Suriname, Schomburgk, Ri. s.n.
Sagot, P.A. s.n.
Guyana, Hoffman, B. et al. 2002
Guyana, Maas, P.J.M. et al. 7599
Guyana, Hoffman, B. et al. 435
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 6641
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 6779
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3027
Suriname, Teunissen, P.A. LBB 15167
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 5685
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3393
Guyana, Hahn, W.J. et al. 3945
Suriname, Hekking, W.H.A. 819
Sagot, P.A. s.n.
Guyana, Hitchcock, A.S. 16683
Guyana, Leechman, A., s.n. s.n.
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3337
Suriname, Tjon Lim Sang, R.J.M. & I.H.M. van de Wiel 101b
Suriname, Sabajo, P.H. LBB 9061
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 5574
Guyana, Görts-van Rijn, A.R.A. et al. 437
Guyana, Hitchcock, A.S. 16787
Guyana, McDowell, et al. 3489
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3371
Oldeman, R.A.A. B-4004
Guyana, Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. et al. 1534
Suriname, LBB 9406
Granville, J.J. de et al. 4843
Mori, S.A. et al. 23208
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 11715
Guyana, Cruz, J.S. de la 3315
Broadway, W.E. 698
Hallé, F. 1023
Guyana, Grewal, M.S. & R. Persaud 137
Guyana, Davis, D.H. 1669
Suriname, Daniëls, A.G.H. & F.P. Jonker 1076
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 5649
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 5387
Suriname, Stahel, G. 253
Guyana, Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. et al. 408
Suriname, Went, F.A.F.C. 21
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C., A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn et al. 458
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 2378
Jacquemin, H. 2293
Suriname, Geijskes, D.C. s.n.
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 11235
Mori, S.A. et al. 18626
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 2697
Mori, S.A. et al. 24205
Oldeman, R.A.A. B-1865
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 5944
Middletown, Capt. 185
Oldeman, R.A.A. 2816
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 5826
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 3874
Mori, S.A. et al. 15193
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 546
Suriname, BW 1822
Guyana, Steege, H.S. ter et al. 225
Guyana, Maas, P.J.M. et al. 4123
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 3873
Grenand, P. 2099
Broadway, W.E. 353
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 5302
Suriname, Sabajo, P.H. LBB 11201
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1380
Guyana, Henkel, T.W., et al. 4354
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 723
Granville, J.J. de et al. 7955
Guyana, Soderstrom, T.R. & Cowan, R.S. 1933
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 541
Guyana, Maas, P.J.M. et al. 4437
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 9601
Suriname, Hulk, J.F. 84
Granville, J.J. de et al. 2769
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 5670
Suriname, Donselaar, J. van et al. 471
Boom, B.M. & S.A. Mori 2091
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 5102
Grenand, P. 1744
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 5074
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 4171
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 329
Mori, S.A. et al. 21198
Suriname, BW 1783
Guyana, Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. et al. 3698
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 8686
Guyana, Maas, P.J.M. et al. 4121
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 5416
Billiet, F.P. & B. Jadin 4758
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 5490
Moretti, C. 1105
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 3851
Guyana, Cruz, J.S. de la 965
Guyana, Parker, G.W. s.n.
Benoist, R. s.n.
Guyana, Hitchcock, A.S. 17550
Feuillet, C. et al. 10033
Suriname, Schulz, J.P. 7875
Feuillet, C. et al. 1198
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 2956
Guyana, Goodland, R. 1021
Guyana, Smith, A.C. 3486
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 3978
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 9498
Boom, B.M. & S.A. Mori 1946
Grenand, P. 232
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 9656
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 3917
Mori, S.A. et al. 23217
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 331
Jacquemin, H. 1442
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 1463
Suriname, UVS
Mori, S.A. et al. 23949
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 637
Mori, S.A. et al. 8756
Suriname, Donselaar, J. van et al. 1209
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 2402
Guyana, Hahn, W.J. et al. 4114
Suriname, Teunissen, P.A. LBB 15988
Suriname, Stahel, G. 96
Cremers, G.A., et al. 7004
Mori, S.A. et al. 22787
Mori, S.A. et al. 21636
Guyana, Hoffman, B. et al. 2108
Suriname, Werkhoven, M. et al. 16471
Sabatier, D. et al. 2150
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3399
Benoist, R. 1490
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1781
Garnier, - 110
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3147
Suriname, Maguire, B. & G. Stahel 24628
Granville, J.J. de et al. 1027
Sagot, P.A. s.n.
Suriname, without coll. 759
Guyana, Persaud, R. 258
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 5282
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3326
Sabatier, D. et al. 1279
Guyana, Hoffman, B. et al. 457
Mori, S.A. et al. 14938
Sabatier, D. et al. 4195
Allorge, L. 351
Guyana, Schomburgk, Ro. ser. II, 342
Guyana, Grewal, M.S. & R. Persaud 148
Granville, J.J. de et al. T. 1163
Guyana, Maas, P.J.M. et al. 4117
Granville, J.J. de et al. 11961
Suriname, Schulz, J.P. et al. LBB 9952
Guyana, Stoffers, A.L., A.R.A. Görts-van Rijn et al. 305
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 2383
Suriname, Narain, T.R. LBB 13761
Sastre, C. 6464
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 2815
Suriname, Samuels, J.A. 122
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1203
Suriname, Teunissen, P.A. LBB 15062
Hoff, M. 5072
Guyana, Smith, A.C. 3146
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 2338
Guyana, Anderson, C.W. 393
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 6286
Prévost, M.F. et al. 2851
Moretti, C. 341
Feuillet, C. et al. 10078
Guyana, Hahn, W.J. et al. 4850
Suriname, Schulz, J.P. 7852
Oldeman, R.A.A. 1811
Suriname, Julen, C.R. LBB 14552
Cremers, G.A., et al. 9702
Guyana, Schomburgk, Ri. 595
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 11242
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 4367
Suriname, Teunissen, P.A. LBB 15168
Benoist, R. 556
Suriname, Kramer, K.U. & W.H.A. Hekking 3098
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 2140
Suriname, Geijskes, D.C. 973
Cremers, G.A., et al. 11417
Granville, J.J. de et al. 8447
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3970
Guyana, Harris, E.M. et al. 1131
Granville, J.J. de et al. 7260
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 7380
Granville, J.J. de et al. 2666
Sauvain, M. 4
Sabatier, D. et al. 1133
Suriname, LBB 10533
Benoist, R. 1299
Granville, J.J. de et al. 5128
Suriname, Acevedo, P. et al. 5788
Guyana, Hoffman, B. et al. 448
Suriname, Soeprato B9
Mori, S.A. et al. 22686
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 584
Cremers, G.A., et al. 10494
Larpin, D. Nx 671
Granville, J.J. de et al. 5764
Martin, J., s.n. s.n.
Suriname, Werkhoven, M. et al. UVS 16457
Mori, S.A. et al. 15333
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 6279
Suriname, BBS 102
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 4246
Guyana, Henkel, T.W., et al. 1488
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1084
Grenand, P. 468
Sabatier, D. et al. 2760
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 3065
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 7675
Guyana, Hohenkerk, L.S. 787
Oldeman, R.A.A. T-172
Wachenheim, H. 336
Guyana, Schomburgk, Ri. 588
Suriname, Hostmann, F.W.R. et al. 824
Guyana, Cruz, J.S. de la 4120
Maas, P.J.M. et al. 2238
Billiet, F.P. & B. Jadin 4756
Sagot, P.A. s.n.
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 719
Jelski, C. von 3100
Guyana, Schomburgk, Ri. 1031
Oldeman, R.A.A. B-1786
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 5807
Suriname, Collector indigenus 15
Cremers, G.A., et al. 12906
Villiers, J.F. 3708
BAFOG
Suriname, Outer, R.W. den 955
Barrier, S. 4099
Guyana, Soderstrom, T.R. & Cowan, R.S. 2009
Sagot, P.A. s.n.
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 1
Riera, B. et al. 1936
Guyana, Schomburgk, Ri. 600
Prévost, M.F. et al. 2249
Guyana, Görts-van Rijn, A.R.A. et al. 410
Mori, S.A. et al. 18754
Suriname, Maguire, B. & G. Stahel 22793
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 4483
Suriname, Sterringa, J.T. LBB 12417
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 528
Poiteau, P.A. s.n.
Suriname, Mennega, A.M.W. et al. 887
Suriname, Florschütz, P.A. et al. 2857
Granville, J.J. de et al. 4276
Guyana, Sandwith, N.Y. 533
Suriname, Lindeman, J.C. 6884
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3047
Suriname, Julen, C.R. LBB 14572
Suriname, BW 4730
Suriname, Jansma, R. 23
Guyana, Acevedo, P. 3474
Service Forestier Guyane Française 7279
Guyana, Mori, S.A., et al. 8114
Mélinon, E. 291
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. s.n.
Mori, S.A. et al. 8980
Guyana, Polak, A.M. et al. 424
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 3899
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 566
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1134
Guyana, Cruz, J.S. de la 3017
Granville, J.J. de et al. B. 5162
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 511
Oldeman, R.A.A. T-152
Guyana, Pinkus, A.S. 43
Grenand, P. 1024
Guyana, Mutchnick, P. 956
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1382
Barrier, S. 4038
Granville, J.J. de et al. 3533
Poncy, O. 945
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1042
Suriname, Reijenga, T.W. 422
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1463
Suriname, Elburg, J.P. LBB 13400
Guyana, Davis, D.H. 869
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 9161
Suriname, Hekking, W.H.A. 768
Guyana, Fanshawe, D.B. 3364
Prance, G.T. et al. 30653
Suriname, Soeprato B19
Guyana, Jenman, G.S. 4870
Suriname, Stahel, G. 29a
Suriname, Heyligers, P.C. 432
Guyana, Anderson, C.W. 612
Suriname, LBB 12131
Grenand, P. 287
Riera, B. et al. 1581
Guyana, Cruz, J.S. de la 3317
Guyana, Ek, R.C. et al. 633
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 1082
Suriname, Teunissen, P.A. LBB 16076
Guyana, Bartlett, A.W., s.n. 241
Suriname, Hekking, W.H.A. 1128
Suriname, Kramer, K.U. & W.H.A. Hekking 2158
Suriname, Soeprato E47
Guyana, Hoffman, B. et al. 2136
Boom, B.M. & S.A. Mori 1942
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 8456
Suriname, Kramer, K.U. & W.H.A. Hekking 2067
Guyana, Persaud, C.A. 128
Guyana, Harris, S.A. TP 413
Guyana, Pipoly, J.J. et al. 7399
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 4199
Suriname, Lanjouw, J. & J.C. Lindeman 2586
Suriname, Lindeman ‘53-’55 5416
Krukoff 8102
Suriname, Lindeman 4900
Guyana, Jansen-Jacobs et al. 3676
Lindeman & de Haas 750
Feuillet et al. 10218
Suriname, Mennega 495
Suriname, Maas & Tawjoeran LBB 10943
Suriname, Lanjouw & Lindeman 1463
Suriname, Lanjouw & Lindeman 2828
Suriname, Lindeman, Görts et al. 458
Williams 623
Guyana, A.C. Smith 3594
Guyana, A.C. Smith 2913
Sabatier et al. 2150
Suriname, BBS 102
Suriname, Lanjouw & Lindeman 1082
de Granville et al. 7955
Guyana, Stoffers, Görts-van Rijn et al. 305
Guyana, Forest Dept. British Guiana 5387
Maas et al. 2238
Suriname, Lanjouw & Lindeman 1084
Lindeman & de Haas 550
Suriname, Stahel 29
Krukoff 7958
Madison 20989 B7-A
Suriname, Lanjouw & Lindeman 2549
Suriname, Lanjouw & Lindeman 1378
Guyana, Stoffers, Görts-van Rijn et al. 154
Suriname, Mennega et al. 887
Notes
Since specimens of 3. Guapira and 5. Neea are sometimes difficult to separate, a combined key covering Guianan species of both genera is provided below, as well as a key to the species within each genus which is located in the respective generic treatments
TIMBERS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
Botanical | The woods of the two genera |
Tree | Small to medium-sized trees. Only |
Description of the wood | No distinction between sapwood and heartwood, pale yellow, whitish to grey. Texture very coarse, the included phloem islands seeming as large vessels on longitudinal sections. Grain straight. Luster low. |
Weight | Generally 600-800 kg/m3 ( |
Uses | Any use reported and no commercial possibilities (Record & Hess 1943, p. 410). |