Tabernaemontana pandacaqui

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Tabernaemontana pandacaqui

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Description

Shrub or small tree to 14 m tall. Branchlets lenticellate, occasionally sparsely pubescent. Leaves opposite; Inflorescence pubescent or glabrous, 4-18 cm long, 2-many-flowered; Flowers weakly or not scented. Sepals ovate, 1−4 by 0.5−2 mm, 1-3 times as long as wide, apex rounded to acuminate, pubescent or glabrous, ciliate or not ciliate. Stamens inserted in upper half of corolla tube; Ovary 1-2.8 mm long; Fruit of 2 separate follicles, orange, red or yellow, obliquely ellipsoid, 0.9-7.1 by 0.5-3 cm, apex acuminate, slightly reflexed, distinctly longitudinally ridged, glabrous or pubescent, 1-40-seeded. Seeds with a red or orange aril.

Distribution

Asia-Temperate: Taiwan (Taiwan present), Asia-Tropical: Borneo present (Sabah present); Jawa (Jawa present); Lesser Sunda Is. present; Maluku (Maluku present); New Guinea present; Philippines (Philippines present); Thailand (Thailand present), northern and eastern parts of Australia present, southern China present, western Pacific present
Southern China, Taiwan, Thailand, northern and eastern parts of Australia, and western Pacific; in Malesia: Java, Borneo (Sabah), Moluccas, Philippines, Lesser Sunda Islands, New Guinea.

Taxonomy

2 The very extensive synonymy listed above is only for those names used in Malesia. Leeuwenberg (1991) op. cit. has listed many more synonyms from continental Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands. 1 This is an extremely variable and widespread species that is in need of further research. , has suggested that there are two widely sympatric taxa, T. pandacaqui and T. orientalis, which differ in floral morphology, leaf venation and habitat preference. Leeuwenberg (1988) op. cit., conversely, discussed why he was unable to separate the two taxa having examined specimens over a much wider range than P.I. Forster. The material is voluminous and an intensive future study should be undertaken. In the meantime I shall adopt Leeuwenberg’s concept.

Citation

J.A.R. Anderson 1980: Checklist Trees Sarawak: 149
Markgr. 1927 – In: Bot. Jahrb. Syst.: 200
Backer & Bakh.f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 229
Merr. 1923 – In: Enum. Philip. Fl. Pl.: 325
P.S. Ashton 1988: Man. non-Dipt. Trees Sarawak: 43
Leeuwenb. 1984 – In: J. Ethno-pharmacol.: 14
Backer & Bakh.f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 229
T.C. Huang 1986 – In: Taiwania: 101
Miq. 1857 – In: Fl. Ned. Ind.: 419
Fl. Ned. Ind. 1861: Eerste Bijv.: 554
T.C. Huang 1986 – In: Taiwania: 101
Leeuwenb. 1988 – In: Agric. Univ. Wageningen Pap.: 15
Merr. 1921: Bibliogr. Enum. Born. Pl.: 499
Miq. 1857 – In: Fl. Ned. Ind.: 420
K. Schum. & Hollrung 1889: Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land: 113
Miq. 1857 – In: Fl. Ned. Ind.: 420
Corner 1952 – In: Wayside Trees Malaya, ed. 2: 149
Backer & Bakh.f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 229
Poir. 1819 – In: Tabl. Encycl.: 299
Kessler et al. 2002 – In: Blumea: 15
Bakh.f. 1950 – In: Blumea: 385
Backer & Bakh.f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 229
Backer & Bakh.f. 1965 – In: Fl. Java: 229
Markgr. 1927 – In: Bot. Jahrb. Syst.: 200
Miq. 1857 – In: Fl. Ned. Ind.: 421
Poir. 2001 – In: PROSEA: 535
Masam. 1942: Enum. Phan. Born.: 624
D.J. Middleton 2004 – In: Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak: 57
Poir. 1991 – In: Rev. Tabernaemontana: 169
D.J. Middleton 1999 – In: Fl. Thailand: 33
Kessler et al. 2002 – In: Blumea: 15
Miq. 1857 – In: Fl. Ned. Ind.: 419
K. Schum. & Lauterb. 1901: Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee: 502