Xyris hymenachne

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Xyris hymenachne

Content

<<<<Scapes>Spikes>Bracts>Empty bracts>Bract number

2-41
1. 003-003-004-002-001

<<<<Scapes>Spikes>Bracts>Empty bracts>Relative dimensions

slightly shorter than the flowering ones2
2. 003-003-004-002-002

<<<<Scapes>Spikes>Bracts>Floral bracts>Length

7-8 mm3
3. 003-003-004-003-002

<<<<Scapes>Spikes>Bracts>Floral bracts>Shape

obovate to broadly oblong4
4. 003-003-004-003-001

<<<Leaves>Margins>Texture>Hairs

ciliolate5
5. 002-007-001-001

<<<Scapes>Spikes>Bracts>Empty bracts

empty bracts ,6
6. 003-003-004-002

<<<Scapes>Spikes>Bracts>Floral bracts

these ,7
7. 003-003-004-003

<<<Scapes>Spikes>Bracts>Shape

with convex, papillose back and no dorsal area, with broad, pale, scario-lacerate borders,8
8. 003-003-004-001

<<Capsules>Seeds>Colour

amber9
9. 005-004-003

<<Capsules>Seeds>Length

0.6-0.7 mm10
10. 005-004-002

<<Capsules>Seeds>Shape

cylindric-fusiform or ellipsoid11
11. 005-004-001

<<Capsules>Valves>Septa

eseptate12
12. 005-003-001

<<Lateral sepals>Anthers>Length

ca. 1.5 mm13
13. 004-005-001

<<Lateral sepals>Keel>Hairs

ciliate or fimbria-ciliate from middle to apex14
14. 004-002-001

<<Lateral sepals>Petals>Length

ca. 5 mm15
15. 004-003-002

<<Lateral sepals>Petals>Shape

obovate16
16. 004-003-001

<<Lateral sepals>Staminodes>Shape

bearded17
17. 004-004-001

<<Leaves>Blade>Shape

flattened18
18. 002-006-001

<<Leaves>Blade>Width

1.5-4 mm wide19
19. 002-006-002

<<Leaves>Margins>Texture

smooth to , surface smooth to papillose-rugulose20
20. 002-007-001

<<Leaves>Sheaths>Hairs

entire to sparsely ciliate at base21
21. 002-003-001

<<Scapes>Ribs>Hairs

to papillose or ciliolate22
22. 003-002-002

<<Scapes>Ribs>Texture

smooth23
23. 003-002-001

<<Scapes>Spikes>Bracts

bracts in a spiral, , .24
24. 003-003-004

<<Scapes>Spikes>Colour

pale dull brown25
25. 003-003-003

<<Scapes>Spikes>Length

5-8 mm26
26. 003-003-002

<<Scapes>Spikes>Shape

obovoid to subglobose27
27. 003-003-001

<Capsules>Length

ca. 4 mm28
28. 005-001

<Capsules>Placentation

placentation basal29
29. 005-002

<Capsules>Seeds

seeds , , .30
30. 005-004

<Capsules>Valves

valves ;31
31. 005-003

<Habit>Height

20-60 cm high32
32. 001-003

<Habit>Shape

often sub-bulbous, slender33
33. 001-001

<Habit>Stems

stem contracted34
34. 001-004

<Habit>Texture

smooth35
35. 001-002

<Lateral sepals>Anthers

anthers .36
36. 004-005

<Lateral sepals>Keel

keel37
37. 004-002

<Lateral sepals>Length

4-6 mm38
38. 004-001

<Lateral sepals>Petals

petals , ;39
39. 004-003

<Lateral sepals>Staminodes

staminodes ;40
40. 004-004

<Leaves>Blade

blade , ,41
41. 002-006

<Leaves>Colour

dull brown or stramineous42
42. 002-004

<Leaves>Growth form

in a fan or ascending43
43. 002-001

<Leaves>Length

5-20 cm44
44. 002-002

<Leaves>Ligula

eligulate45
45. 002-005

<Leaves>Margins

margins thin or slightly thickened, .46
46. 002-007

<Leaves>Sheaths

sheath47
47. 002-003

<Scapes>Ribs

ribs48
48. 003-002

<Scapes>Shape

distally subterete, uni-multicostate49
49. 003-001

<Scapes>Spikes

spikes , , ,50
50. 003-003

Capsules

Capsule , ,51
51. 005

Description

Solitary to cespitose, often sub-bulbous, slender, smooth perennial, 20-60 cm high, stem contracted. Leaves in a fan or ascending, 5-20 cm, sheath entire to sparsely ciliate at base, dull brown or stramineous, eligulate, blade flattened, 1.5-4 mm wide, margins thin or slightly thickened, smooth to ciliolate, surface smooth to papillose-rugulose. Scapes distally subterete, uni-multicostate, ribs smoothto papillose or ciliolate; spikes obovoid to subglobose, 5-8 mm, pale dull brown, bracts in a spiral, with convex, papillose back and no dorsal area, with broad, pale, scario-lacerate borders,empty bracts 2-4, slightly shorter than the flowering ones, these obovate to broadly oblong, 7-8 mm. Lateral sepals free, inequilateral, curved, 4-6 mm, keel ciliate or fimbria-ciliate from middle to apex; petals obovate, ca. 5 mm; staminodes bearded; anthers ca. 1.5 mm. Capsule ca. 4 mm, placentation basal, valves eseptate; seeds cylindric-fusiform or ellipsoid, 0.6-0.7 mm, amber.

Distribution

Andes present, Guyana present, Mt. Roraima present, SE Brazil present, SE Colombia present, Southern America: Brazil South (Santa Catarina present)
SE ColombiaE to Mt. Roraima, Guyana, and in BrazilE of the Andes S to Santa Catarina, SE Brazil.

Habit

Solitary to cespitose, , perennial, , .52
52. 001

Individuals Association

R. Kral 70326 R. Kral 70591 R. Kral 70515 R. Kral 70467 R. Kral 70620 R. Kral 70392 R. Kral 70367 R. Kral 70413 R. Kral 70305 R. Kral 70628 R. Kral 70447 R. Kral 70559

Lateral sepals

Lateral sepals free, inequilateral, curved, , ;53
53. 004

Leaves

Leaves , , , , ,54
54. 002

Notes

This species is at once distinctive because of the broad, pale, scarious bract borders, but is otherwise extremely variable as to habit, vestiture and pigmentation. In short, because of its wide geographic and morphological expression it is a "matrix" species, bordering on X. jusca A. Nilsson of southern Brazil, and X. concinna N.E. Br., X. thysanolepis Maguire & L.B. Smith of northern South America.

Scapes

Scapes , ;55
55. 003